X-Rays Compton Detectors For Biomedical Application

Journal Article · Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · AIP Conference Proceedings

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3586119· OSTI ID:21513378

Rossi, Paolo; Fontana, Cristiano Lino; Moschini, Giuliano ^[1]; Baldazzi, Giuseppe; Navarria, Francesco ^[2]; INFN, Bologna ^[3]; Battistella, Andrea; Bello, Michele ^[4]; Bollini, Dante ^[5]; Bonvicini, Valter; Rashevsky, Alexander; Zampa, Gianluigi; Zampa, Nicola; Vacchi, Andrea ^[6]; Gennaro, Gisella ^[7]; Uzunov, Nikolay ^[4]

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1. Department of Physics of the Universityof Padua and INFN, via Marzolo 8, Padua 35131 (Italy)
2. Department of Physics, University , Bologna (Italy)
3. Italy
4. National Laboratories of Legnaro, INFN, Legnaro (Padua) (Italy)
5. INFN, Bologna (Italy)
6. INFN, Trieste (Italy)
7. Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua (Italy)

Collimators are usually needed to image sources emitting X-rays that cannot be focused. Alternately, one may employ a Compton Camera (CC) and measure the direction of the incident X-ray by letting it interact with a thin solid, liquid or gaseous material (Tracker) and determine the scattering angle. With respect to collimated cameras, CCs allow higher gamma-ray efficiency in spite of lighter geometry, and may feature comparable spatial resolution. CCs are better when the X-ray energy is high and small setups are required. We review current applications of CCs to Gamma Ray Astronomy and Biomedical systems stressing advantages and drawbacks. As an example, we focus on a particular CC we are developing, which is designed to image small animals administered with marked pharmaceuticals, and assess the bio-distribution and targeting capability of these latter. This camera has to address some requirements: relatively high activity of the imaged objects; detection of gamma-rays of different energies that may range from 140 keV (Tc99m) to 511 keV; presence of gamma and beta radiation with energies up to 2 MeV in case of 188Re. The camera consists of a thin position-sensitive Silicon Drift Detector as Tracker, and a further downstream position-sensitive system employing scintillating crystals and a multi-anode photo-multiplier (Calorimeter). The choice of crystal, pixel size, and detector geometry has been driven by measurements and simulations with the tracking code GEANT4. Spatial resolution, efficiency and scope are discussed.

• OSTI ID: 21513378
• Journal Information: AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1336, Issue 1; Conference: CAARI 2010: 21. International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry, Fort Worth, TX (United States), 8-13 Aug 2010; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.3586119; (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0094-243X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
CALORIMETERS
COLLIMATORS
DISTRIBUTION
GAMMA ASTRONOMY
GAMMA DETECTION
GAMMA RADIATION
KEV RANGE 100-1000
LABORATORY ANIMALS
LI-DRIFTED SI DETECTORS
MEV RANGE 01-10
PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
POSITION SENSITIVE DETECTORS
RHENIUM 188
SCATTERING
SIMULATION
SPATIAL RESOLUTION
TECHNETIUM 99
X RADIATION
ANIMALS
ASTRONOMY
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
DETECTION
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENERGY RANGE
HEAVY NUCLEI
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
KEV RANGE
LI-DRIFTED DETECTORS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MEV RANGE
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
PHOTOTUBES
RADIATION DETECTION
RADIATION DETECTORS
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
RESOLUTION
RHENIUM ISOTOPES
SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS
SI SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES