Mechanochemical-thermal preparation and structural studies of mullite-type Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} solid solutions

Journal Article · Sun May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · Journal of Solid State Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2011.04.007· OSTI ID:21494300

Da Silva, K L ^[1]; Sepelak, V ^[2]; Duevel, A ^[3]; Paesano, A ^[4]; Hahn, H ^[2]; Litterst, F J ^[5]; Heitjans, P ^[3]; Becker, K D ^[1]

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1. Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Str. 10, 38106 Braunschweig (Germany)
2. Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany)
3. Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 3a, 30167 Hannover (Germany)
4. Department of Physics, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900 Maringa (Brazil)
5. Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 3, 38106 Braunschweig (Germany)

A series of Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} solid solutions (0{<=}x{<=}1), prepared by mechanochemical processing of Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3}/Ga{sub 2}O{sub 3}/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} mixtures and subsequent annealing, was investigated by XRD, EDX, and {sup 27}Al MAS NMR. The structure of the Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} solid solutions is found to be orthorhombic, space group Pbam (No. 55). The lattice parameters of the Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} series increase linearly with increasing gallium content. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data as well as the analysis of the {sup 27}Al MAS NMR spectra show a preference of gallium cations for the tetrahedral sites in Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9}. As a consequence, this leads to a far from random distribution of Al and Ga cations across the whole series of solid solutions. -- Graphical Abstract: Mullite-type Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} mixed crystals (0{<=}x{<=}1) prepared by a combined mechanochemical-thermal route possess a non-random distribution of Ga{sup 3+} and Al{sup 3+} cations over the sites of tetrahedral (T) and octahedral [O] coordination, characterized by the preference of Ga{sup 3+} (Al{sup 3+}) for tetrahedral (octahedral) sites. Display Omitted Highlights: {yields} Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} (0{<=}x{<=}1) were synthesized via mechanochemical-thermal route. {yields} The lattice parameters of Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} increase linearly with gallium content. {yields} Quantitative information on the cation distribution in Bi{sub 2}(Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}){sub 4}O{sub 9} is derived. {yields} Ga{sup 3+} and Al{sup 3+} show the preference for tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively.

• OSTI ID: 21494300
• Journal Information: Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 184, Issue 5; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2011.04.007; PII: S0022-4596(11)00175-7; Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; ISSN 0022-4596
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
ALUMINIUM IONS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
ANNEALING
BISMUTH OXIDES
CATIONS
DISTRIBUTION
GALLIUM IONS
GALLIUM OXIDES
LATTICE PARAMETERS
MULLITE
NMR SPECTRA
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
ORTHORHOMBIC LATTICES
SOLID SOLUTIONS
SPACE GROUPS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGED PARTICLES
COHERENT SCATTERING
CRYSTAL LATTICES
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DIFFRACTION
DISPERSIONS
GALLIUM COMPOUNDS
HEAT TREATMENTS
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
IONS
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MATERIALS
MINERALS
MIXTURES
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RESONANCE
SCATTERING
SOLUTIONS
SPECTRA
SYMMETRY GROUPS