Looking for the Ideal Particle: An Experimental Embolization Study

Journal Article · Thu Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/S00270-009-9747-8· OSTI ID:21429019

Senturk, Cagin ^[1]; Cakir, Volkan ^[2]; Yorukoglu, Kutsal ^[3]; Yilmaz, Osman ^[4]; Goktay, A Yigit ^[2]

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1. Hospital Ntra. Senora del Rosario, Endovascular and Percutaneous Therapy Service (Spain)
2. Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Department of Radiology (Turkey)
3. Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Department of Pathology (Turkey)
4. Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Department of Experimental Animal Laboratory (Turkey)

This study sought to compare the most frequently used embolic particles in an animal model. In 16 New Zealand white rabbits, right renal arteries were embolized using four different embolic particles (polyvinyl alcohol [PVA] particles, 150-250 {mu}m; PVA microspheres [PVAMs], 150-300 {mu}m; Tris-acryl gelatin microspheres [TGMs], 100-300 {mu}m; expanding microspheres [EXMs], 50-100 {mu}m). Quantity of embolic material used, embolization time, and angiographic patterns were documented. Fourteen days later, a control angiography was done to document angiographic recanalization and all animals were sacrificed. Histopathological specimens were analyzed for microscopic appearance and granulometric size of the particles, extravasation of the particles, perivascular inflammation, and neocapillarization. The volume of the infarct area in each kidney was calculated. Results revealed a significantly lesser amount of embolic material used in the EXM group (p = 0.020). The angiographic recanalization rate in the EXM group (100%), compared with the PVA (0%) and TGM (0%) groups, was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.014). Although 75% of the renal arteries embolized with PVAMs were recanalized, this was not found to be statistically significant (p = 0.071). Occlusion levels in the PVA group were more proximal than with any of the microspheres. While there was no extravasation in the TGM group, extravasation rates in the PVA, PVAM, and EXM groups were 50%, 25%, and 75%, respectively. A mild degree of inflammation was noted in the PVA, PVAM, and TGM groups. EXMs caused a moderate degree of inflammation in two kidneys (50%). There was neocapillarization in the vessel lumen in all kidneys in the PVA and PVAM groups. The difference was significant (p = 0.014) compared with the TGM and EXM groups, which did not have any neocapillarization. Regarding infarct area volumes, the difference among the groups was significant (p = 0.022). EXMs caused significantly (p = 0.021) less infarction than the other embolic agents. We conclude that EXMs are less efficient due to a high recanalization rate and lesser volume of infarct compared with the other embolic agents in the rabbit kidney model. The most efficient embolization was seen in kidneys embolized with TGMs.

• OSTI ID: 21429019
• Journal Information: Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Vol. 33, Issue 2; Conference: CIRSE 2010: Congress of th Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, Valencia (Spain), 2-6 Oct 2010; Other Information: DOI: 10.1007/s00270-009-9747-8; Copyright (c) 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC and the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE); ISSN 0174-1551
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
ARTERIES
BIOMEDICAL RADIOGRAPHY
EMBOLI
GELATIN
INFLAMMATION
KIDNEYS
MICROSPHERES
PARTICLES
PVA
RABBITS
ALCOHOLS
ANIMALS
BLOOD VESSELS
BODY
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
COLLOIDS
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DISPERSIONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
MEDICINE
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
ORGANS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
POLYMERS
POLYVINYLS
PROTEINS
RADIOLOGY
SYMPTOMS
VERTEBRATES