Consequence of doping mediated strain and the activation energy on the structural and optical properties of ZnO:Cr nanoparticles

Journal Article · Tue Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Journal of Solid State Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2010.04.014· OSTI ID:21421528

Bhargava, Richa ^[1]; Sharma, Prashant K ^[2]; Kumar, Sanjeev ^[3]; Pandey, Avinash C ^[2]; Kumar, Naresh ^[1]

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1. Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004 (India)
2. Nanophosphor Application Center, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002 (India)
3. Shah-Schulman Centre for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad 387001 (India)

We report on the sol-gel synthesis of Zn{sub 1-x}Cr{sub x}O (x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were characterized by using thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman and Photoluminescence (PL). Electronegativity of Cr ions (Cr{sup 3+}) reduces the final decomposition temperature by 40 {sup o}C and activation energy of the reaction when Cr is doped into ZnO. Doping of higher Cr concentration (x{>=}0.10) into ZnO shows formation of secondary spinel (ZnCr{sub 2}O{sub 4}) phase along with the hexagonal (ZnO) and is revealed by XRD. Formation of secondary phase changes the activation energy of the reaction and thus the strain in ZnO lattice. In Raman spectra, additional Raman modes have been observed for Zn{sub 1-x}Cr{sub x}O nanoparticles, which can be assigned to the modes generated due to Cr doping. The Cr doping into ZnO is also supported by PL, in which vacancies are formed with Cr ion incorporation and emission band shifts towards higher wavelength. - Graphical abstract: Cr-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by sol-gel. XRD (a) revealed secondary phase of ZnCr{sub 2}O{sub 4} with increase in Cr concentration. The Cr concentration also changes activation energy of the reaction (b).

• OSTI ID: 21421528
• Journal Information: Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 183, Issue 6; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.04.014; PII: S0022-4596(10)00147-7; Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; ISSN 0022-4596
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
ACTIVATION ENERGY
CALORIMETRY
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
CHROMIUM IONS
DOPED MATERIALS
NANOSTRUCTURES
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
RAMAN SPECTRA
SOL-GEL PROCESS
SPINELS
STRAINS
SYNTHESIS
TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K
THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
VACANCIES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ZINC OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
COHERENT SCATTERING
CRYSTAL DEFECTS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EMISSION
ENERGY
GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
IONS
LUMINESCENCE
MATERIALS
MICROSCOPY
MINERALS
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOTON EMISSION
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POINT DEFECTS
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SCATTERING
SPECTRA
TEMPERATURE RANGE
THERMAL ANALYSIS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
ZINC COMPOUNDS