Possible role of the W-Z-top-quark bags in baryogenesis

Journal Article · Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Physical Review. D, Particles Fields

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVD.82.073019· OSTI ID:21421360

Flambaum, Victor V; Shuryak, Edward ^[1]

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1. School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052 (Australia)

The heaviest members of the standard model--the gauge bosons W, Z and the top quarks and antiquarks--may form collective baglike excitations of the Higgs vacuum provided their number is large enough, at both zero and finite temperatures. Since the Higgs vacuum expectation value is significantly modified inside them, they are called 'bags'. In this work we argue that creation of such objects can explain certain numerical studies of cosmological baryogenesis. Using as an example a hybrid model combining inflationary preheating with cold electroweak transition, we identify 'spots of unbroken phase' found in numerical studies of this scenario with such W-Z bags. We argue that the baryon number violation should happen predominantly inside these objects, and we show that the rates calculated in numerical simulations can be analytically explained using finite-size, pure gauge sphaleron solutions, developed previously in the QCD context by Carter, Ostrovsky, and Shuryak. Furthermore, we point out significant presence of the top quarks/antiquarks in these bags (which were not included in those numerical studies). Although the basic sphaleron exponent remains unchanged by the tops' presence, we find that tops help to stabilize them for a longer time. Another enhancement of the transition rate comes from the 'recycling'' of the tops in the topological transition. Inclusion of the fermions (tops) enhances the sphaleron rate by up to 2 orders of magnitude. Finally, we discuss the magnitude of the CP violation needed to explain the observed baryonic asymmetry of the Universe and give arguments that the difference in the top-antitop population in the bag of the right magnitude can arise both from CP asymmetries in the top decays and in top propagation into the bags, due to the Farrar-Shaposhnikov effect.

• OSTI ID: 21421360
• Journal Information: Physical Review. D, Particles Fields, Vol. 82, Issue 7; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.82.073019; (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0556-2821
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
ANTIQUARKS
ASYMMETRY
BARYON NUMBER
BARYONS
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
CP INVARIANCE
EXCITATION
GAUGE INVARIANCE
HIGGS BOSONS
HIGGS MODEL
INTERMEDIATE BOSONS
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
PARTICLE DECAY
QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
STANDARD MODEL
T QUARKS
Z NEUTRAL BOSONS
ANTIMATTER
ANTIPARTICLES
BOSONS
DECAY
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ENERGY-LEVEL TRANSITIONS
FERMIONS
FIELD THEORIES
GRAND UNIFIED THEORY
HADRONS
INTERMEDIATE VECTOR BOSONS
INVARIANCE PRINCIPLES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MATHEMATICS
MATTER
PARTICLE MODELS
POSTULATED PARTICLES
QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
QUARKS
SIMULATION
TOP PARTICLES
UNIFIED GAUGE MODELS