CONTRIBUTION TO THE EXTRAGALACTIC GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND FROM THE CASCADES OF VERY HIGH ENERGY GAMMA RAYS FROM BLAZARS

Journal Article · Sat Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2010 · Astrophysical Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1530· OSTI ID:21394429

Venters, Tonia M., E-mail: [e-mail] ^[1]

---

1. epartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago (United States)

As very high energy (VHE) photons propagate through the extragalactic background light (EBL), they interact with the soft photons and initiate electromagnetic cascades of lower energy photons and electrons. The collective intensity of a cosmological population emitting at VHEs will be attenuated at the highest energies through interactions with the EBL and enhanced at lower energies by the resulting cascade. We calculate the cascade radiation created by VHE photons produced by blazars and investigate the effects of cascades on the collective intensity of blazars and the resulting effects on the extragalactic gamma-ray background. We find that cascade radiation greatly enhances the collective intensity from blazars at high energies before turning over due to attenuation. The prominence of the resulting features depends on the blazar gamma-ray luminosity function, spectral index distribution, and the model of the EBL. We additionally calculate the cascade radiation from the distinct spectral sub-populations of blazars, BL Lacertae (BL Lacs) objects, and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), finding that the collective intensity of BL Lacs is considerably more enhanced by cascade radiation than that of the FSRQs. Finally, we discuss the implications that this analysis and upcoming Fermi observations could have for the nature of the EBL, the evolution of blazars, blazar spectra, and other sources of gamma-ray radiation.

• OSTI ID: 21394429
• Journal Information: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 710, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1530; ISSN 0004-637X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

79 ASTROPHYSICS
COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY
ELECTRONS
GALACTIC EVOLUTION
GALAXIES
GAMMA RADIATION
LUMINOSITY
PHOTONS
QUASARS
SPECTRA
BOSONS
COSMIC RADIO SOURCES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
EVOLUTION
FERMIONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
LEPTONS
MASSLESS PARTICLES
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
RADIATIONS