Swelling, intercalation, and exfoliation behavior of layered ruthenate derived from layered potassium ruthenate

Journal Article · Sun Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2009 · Journal of Solid State Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2009.08.012· OSTI ID:21372378

Fukuda, Katsutoshi ^[1]; Kato, Hisato; Sato, Jun ^[2]; Sugimoto, Wataru ^[1]; Takasu, Yoshio ^[2]

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1. Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanotech Fiber, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567 (Japan)
2. Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567 (Japan)

The intercalation chemistry of a layered protonic ruthenate, H{sub 0.2}RuO{sub 2.1}.nH{sub 2}O, derived from a layered potassium ruthenate was studied in detail. Three phases with different hydration states were isolated, H{sub 0.2}RuO{sub 2.1}.nH{sub 2}O (n={approx}0, 0.5, 0.9), and its reactivity with tetrabutylammonium ions (TBA{sup +}) was considered. The layered protonic ruthenate mono-hydrate readily reacted with TBA{sup +}, affording direct intercalation of bulky tetrabutylammonium ions into the interlayer gallery. Fine-tuning the reaction conditions allowed exfoliation of the layered ruthenate into elementary nanosheets and thereby a simplified one-step exfoliation was achieved. Microscopic observation by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy clearly showed the formation of unilamellar sheets with very high two-dimensional anisotropy, a thickness of only 1.3+-0.1 nm. The nanosheets were characterized by two-dimensional crystallites with the oblique cell of a=0.5610(8) nm, b=0.5121(6) nm and gamma=109.4(2){sup o} on the basis of in-plane diffraction analysis. - Graphical abstract: Layered protonic ruthenate derived from a potassium form was directly reacted with bulky tetrabutylammonium ions to trigger exfoliation into nanosheets as long as it is highly hydrated.

• OSTI ID: 21372378
• Journal Information: Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 182, Issue 11; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2009.08.012; PII: S0022-4596(09)00394-6; Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; ISSN 0022-4596
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY
CLATHRATES
IONS
NANOSTRUCTURES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
RUTHENIUM COMPOUNDS
SHEETS
SWELLING
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
CHARGED PARTICLES
DEFORMATION
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
MICROSCOPY
REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS