Nuclear anapole moment and tests of the standard model

Journal Article · Fri Jun 11 00:00:00 EDT 1999 · AIP Conference Proceedings

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.59353· OSTI ID:21208111

Flambaum, V V ^[1]

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1. School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 (Australia)

There are two sources of parity nonconservation (PNC) in atoms: the electron-nucleus weak interaction and the magnetic interaction of electrons with the nuclear anapole moment. A nuclear anapole moment has recently been observed. This is the first discovery of an electromagnetic moment violating fundamental symmetries--the anapole moment violates parity and charge-conjugation invariance. We describe the anapole moment and how it can be produced. The anapole moment creates a circular magnetic field inside the nucleus. The interesting point is that measurements of the anapole allow one to study parity violation inside the nucleus through atomic experiments. We use the experimental result for the nuclear anapole moment of {sup 133}Cs to find the strengths of the parity violating proton-nucleus and meson-nucleon forces. Measurements of the weak charge characterizing the strength of the electron-nucleon weak interaction provide tests of the Standard Model and a way of searching for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Atomic experiments give limits on the extra Z-boson, leptoquarks, composite fermions, and radiative corrections produced by particles that are predicted by new theories. The weak charge and nuclear anapole moment can be measured in the same experiment. The weak charge gives the mean value of the PNC effect while the anapole gives the difference of the PNC effects for the different hyperfine components of an electromagnetic transition. The interaction between atomic electrons and the nuclear anapole moment may be called the 'PNC hyperfine interaction.'.

• OSTI ID: 21208111
• Journal Information: AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 477, Issue 1; Conference: 16. international conference on atomic physics, Windsor, ON (Canada), 3-7 Aug 1998; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.59353; (c) 1999 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0094-243X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
ATOMS
C INVARIANCE
CESIUM 133
ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM FACTORS
ELECTRONS
ENERGY-LEVEL TRANSITIONS
HELICITY
MAGNETIC FIELDS
MESON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS
P INVARIANCE
PROTON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS
PROTONS
RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS
STANDARD MODEL
SYMMETRY
WEAK INTERACTIONS
Z NEUTRAL BOSONS