Reactive oxygen species-dependent HSP90 protein cleavage participates in arsenical As{sup +3}- and MMA{sup +3}-induced apoptosis through inhibition of telomerase activity via JNK activation
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (China)
- Department of Physiology and Graduate Institute of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (China)
- Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan (China)
The effects of six arsenic compounds including As{sup +3}, MMA{sup +3}, DMA{sup +3}, As{sup +5}, MMA{sup +5}, and DMA{sup +5} on the viability of NIH3T3 cells were examined. As{sup +3} and MMA{sup +3}, but not the others, exhibited significant cytotoxic effects in NIH3T3 cells through apoptosis induction. The apoptotic events such as DNA fragmentation and chromosome condensation induced by As{sup +3} and MMA{sup +3} were prevented by the addition of NAC and CAT, and induction of HO-1 gene expression in accordance with cleavage of the HSP90 protein, and suppression of telomerase activity were observed in NIH3T3 cells under As{sup +3} and MMA{sup +3} treatments. An increase in the intracellular peroxide level was examined in As{sup +3}- and MMA{sup +3}-treated NIH3T3 cells, and As{sup +3}- and MMA{sup +3}-induced apoptotic events were blocked by NAC, CAT, and DPI addition. HSP90 inhibitors, GA and RD, significantly attenuated the telomerase activity in NIH3T3 cells with an enhancement of As{sup +3}- and MMA{sup +3}-induced cytotoxicity. Suppression of JNKs significantly inhibited As{sup +3}- and MMA{sup +3}-induced apoptosis by blocking HSP90 protein cleavage and telomerase reduction in NIH3T3 cells. Furthermore, Hb, SnPP, and dexferosamine showed no effect against As{sup +3}- and MMA{sup +3}-induced apoptosis, and overexpression of HO-1 protein or inhibition of HO-1 protein expression did not affect the apoptosis induced by As{sup +3} or MMA{sup +3}. These data provide the first evidence to indicate that apoptosis induced by As{sup +3} and MMA{sup +3} is mediated by an ROS-dependent degradation of HSP90 protein and reduction of telomerase via JNK activation, and HO-1 induction might not be involved.
- OSTI ID:
- 21140858
- Journal Information:
- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 229, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.018; PII: S0041-008X(08)00035-5; Copyright (c) 2008 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0041-008X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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