Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 aggravates secretory phospholipase A{sub 2}-mediated progression of acute liver injury
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (United States)
- Toxicologic Pathology Associates, National Centre for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (United States)
Our previous study [Bhave, V. S., Donthamsetty, S., Latendresse, J. R., Muskhelishvili, L., and Mehendale, H. M. 2008-this issue. Secretory phospholipase A{sub 2} mediates progression of acute liver injury in the absence of sufficient COX-2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol] showed that in the absence of sufficient induction and co-presence of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), secretory phospholipase A{sub 2} (sPLA{sub 2}) appearing in the intercellular spaces for cleanup of post-necrotic debris seems to contribute to the progression of toxicant-initiated liver injury, possibly by hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids of hepatocytes in the perinecrotic areas. To further test our hypothesis on the protective role of COX-2, male Fisher-344 rats were administered a selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, and then challenged with a moderately toxic dose of CCl{sub 4}. This led to a 5-fold increase in the susceptibility of the COX-2 inhibited rats to CCl{sub 4} hepatotoxicity and mortality. The CCl{sub 4} bioactivating enzyme CYP2E1 protein, CYP2E1 enzyme activity, and the {sup 14}CCl{sub 4}-derived radiolabel covalently bound to the liver proteins were unaffected by the COX-2 inhibitor suggesting that the increased hepatotoxic sensitivity of the COX-2 inhibited rats was not due to higher bioactivation of CCl{sub 4}. Further investigation showed that this increased mortality was due to higher plasma and hepatic sPLA{sub 2} activities, inhibited PGE{sub 2} production, and progression of liver injury as compared to the non-intervened rats{sub .} In conclusion, inhibition of COX-2 mitigates the tissue protective mechanisms associated with COX-2 induction, which promotes sPLA{sub 2}-mediated progression of liver injury in an acute liver toxicity model. Because increased sPLA{sub 2} activity in the intercellular space is associated with increased progression of injury, and induced COX-2 is associated with hepatoprotection, ratios of hepatic COX-2 and sPLA{sub 2} activities may turn out to be a useful tool in predicting the extent of hepatotoxicities.
- OSTI ID:
- 21140818
- Journal Information:
- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Journal Name: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 228; ISSN TXAPA9; ISSN 0041-008X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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