Camera for coherent diffractive imaging and holography with a soft-x-ray free-electron laser

Journal Article · Tue Apr 01 04:00:00 EDT 2008 · Applied Optics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.47.001673· OSTI ID:21120711

Bajt, Sasa; Chapman, Henry N; Spiller, Eberhard A; Alameda, Jennifer B; Woods, Bruce W; Frank, Matthias; Bogan, Michael J; Barty, Anton; Boutet, Sebastien; Marchesini, Stefano; Hau-Riege, Stefan P; Hajdu, Janos; Shapiro, David

We describe a camera to record coherent scattering patterns with a soft-x-ray free-electron laser (FEL). The camera consists of a laterally graded multilayer mirror, which reflects the diffraction pattern onto a CCD detector. The mirror acts as a bandpass filter for both the wavelength and the angle, which isolates the desired scattering pattern from nonsample scattering or incoherent emission from the sample. The mirror also solves the particular problem of the extreme intensity of the FEL pulses, which are focused to greater than 10{sup 14} W/cm{sup 2}. The strong undiffracted pulse passes through a hole in the mirror and propagates onto a beam dump at a distance behind the instrument rather than interacting with a beam stop placed near the CCD. The camera concept is extendable for the full range of the fundamental wavelength of the free electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH) FEL (i.e., between 6 and 60 nm) and into the water window. We have fabricated and tested various multilayer mirrors for wavelengths of 32, 16, 13.5, and 4.5 nm. At the shorter wavelengths mirror roughness must be minimized to reduce scattering from the mirror. We have recorded over 30,000 diffraction patterns at the FLASH FEL with no observable mirror damage or degradation of performance.

• OSTI ID: 21120711
• Journal Information: Applied Optics, Journal Name: Applied Optics Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 47; ISSN 0003-6935; ISSN APOPAI
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
CAMERAS
CHARGE-COUPLED DEVICES
DIFFRACTION
FREE ELECTRON LASERS
HOLOGRAPHY
LAYERS
MIRRORS
PERFORMANCE
PULSES
ROUGHNESS
SOFT X RADIATION
WAVELENGTHS