Preparation of urchinlike NiO nanostructures and their electrochemical capacitive behaviors

Journal Article · Thu Mar 09 04:00:00 EST 2006 · Materials Research Bulletin

OSTI ID:20891646

Xianming, Liu ^[1]; Xiaogang, Zhang ^[2]; Shaoyun, Fu ^[1]

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1. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080 (China)
2. College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjin University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjin 210016 (China)

Urchinlike NiO nanostructures were prepared by thermal decomposition of the precursor obtained via a hydrothermal process using urea as a hydrolysis-controlling agent and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a surfactant. The structure and morphology of the samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared absorption spectra (IR). Structure characterizations indicated urchinlike nanostructures for the nickel oxide samples with high purity. Electrochemical properties of urchinlike NiO were examined by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. The results showed that NiO calcined at 300 deg. C had a higher specific capacitance and better capacitive behavior than NiO calcined at 500 deg. C. The specific capacitance of about 290 and 170 F g{sup -1}, respectively, could be achieved with NiO calcined at 300 and 500 deg. C in the voltage range of 0.0-0.5 V. The calculated capacitances decreased with the increase of cycle number of the NiO sample. The specific capacitance of NiO calcined at 300 deg. C decreased to 217 F g{sup -1} after 500 cycles. It revealed that the NiO materials exhibited good cycling performance. NiO calcined at 300 deg. C possessed the high capacitance because it had the high surface redox reactivity due to its special nanostructures.

• OSTI ID: 20891646
• Journal Information: Materials Research Bulletin, Journal Name: Materials Research Bulletin Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 41; ISSN MRBUAC; ISSN 0025-5408
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
ABSORPTION SPECTRA
CAPACITANCE
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
ENERGY STORAGE
HYDROLYSIS
IMPURITIES
MORPHOLOGY
NANOSTRUCTURES
NICKEL OXIDES
PERFORMANCE
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS
PRECURSOR
PYROLYSIS
REACTIVITY
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SURFACTANTS
UREA
VOLTAMETRY
X-RAY DIFFRACTION