Ability of herpes simplex virus vectors to boost immune responses to DNA vectors and to protect against challenge by simian immunodeficiency virus

Journal Article · Fri Jan 19 23:00:00 EST 2007 · Virology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2006.08.007· OSTI ID:20850590

Kaur, Amitinder ^[1]; Sanford, Hannah B ^[1]; Garry, Deirdre ^[1]; Lang, Sabine ^[1]; Klumpp, Sherry A ^[1]; Watanabe, Daisuke ^[2]; Bronson, Roderick T ^[3]; Lifson, Jeffrey D ^[4]; Rosati, Margherita ^[5]; Pavlakis, George N ^[5]; Felber, Barbara K ^[6]; Knipe, David M ^[2]; Desrosiers, Ronald C ^[1]

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1. New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, P.O. Box 9102, Southborough, MA 01772-9102 (United States)
2. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115-5716 (United States)
3. Harvard Medical School, Goldenson 141, Rodent Histopathology Core, Boston, MA 02115 (United States)
4. AIDS Vaccine Program, SAIC Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 (United States)
5. Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 (United States)
6. Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 (United States)

The immunogenicity and protective capacity of replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector-based vaccines were examined in rhesus macaques. Three macaques were inoculated with recombinant HSV vectors expressing Gag, Env, and a Tat-Rev-Nef fusion protein of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Three other macaques were primed with recombinant DNA vectors expressing Gag, Env, and a Pol-Tat-Nef-Vif fusion protein prior to boosting with the HSV vectors. Robust anti-Gag and anti-Env cellular responses were detected in all six macaques. Following intravenous challenge with wild-type, cloned SIV239, peak and 12-week plasma viremia levels were significantly lower in vaccinated compared to control macaques. Plasma SIV RNA in vaccinated macaques was inversely correlated with anti-Rev ELISPOT responses on the day of challenge (P value < 0.05), anti-Tat ELISPOT responses at 2 weeks post challenge (P value < 0.05) and peak neutralizing antibody titers pre-challenge (P value 0.06). These findings support continued study of recombinant herpesviruses as a vaccine approach for AIDS.

• OSTI ID: 20850590
• Journal Information: Virology, Journal Name: Virology Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 357; ISSN VIRLAX; ISSN 0042-6822
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
AIDS
ANTIBODIES
DISEASE VECTORS
HERPES SIMPLEX
PROTEINS
RECOMBINANT DNA
RNA
VACCINES
VIRUSES