Ability of herpes simplex virus vectors to boost immune responses to DNA vectors and to protect against challenge by simian immunodeficiency virus
- New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, P.O. Box 9102, Southborough, MA 01772-9102 (United States)
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115-5716 (United States)
- Harvard Medical School, Goldenson 141, Rodent Histopathology Core, Boston, MA 02115 (United States)
- AIDS Vaccine Program, SAIC Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 (United States)
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 (United States)
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 (United States)
The immunogenicity and protective capacity of replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector-based vaccines were examined in rhesus macaques. Three macaques were inoculated with recombinant HSV vectors expressing Gag, Env, and a Tat-Rev-Nef fusion protein of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Three other macaques were primed with recombinant DNA vectors expressing Gag, Env, and a Pol-Tat-Nef-Vif fusion protein prior to boosting with the HSV vectors. Robust anti-Gag and anti-Env cellular responses were detected in all six macaques. Following intravenous challenge with wild-type, cloned SIV239, peak and 12-week plasma viremia levels were significantly lower in vaccinated compared to control macaques. Plasma SIV RNA in vaccinated macaques was inversely correlated with anti-Rev ELISPOT responses on the day of challenge (P value < 0.05), anti-Tat ELISPOT responses at 2 weeks post challenge (P value < 0.05) and peak neutralizing antibody titers pre-challenge (P value 0.06). These findings support continued study of recombinant herpesviruses as a vaccine approach for AIDS.
- OSTI ID:
- 20850590
- Journal Information:
- Virology, Vol. 357, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.08.007; PII: S0042-6822(06)00551-4; Copyright (c) 2006 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0042-6822
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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