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Title: Molten-Salt-Cooled Advanced High-Temperature Reactor for Production of Hydrogen and Electricity

Journal Article · · Nuclear Technology
DOI:https://doi.org/10.13182/NT03-1· OSTI ID:20837814
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (United States)
  2. University of California (United States)
  3. Sandia National Laboratories (United States)

The molten-salt-cooled Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR) is a new reactor concept designed to provide very high-temperature (750 to 1000 deg. C) heat to enable efficient low-cost thermochemical production of hydrogen (H{sub 2}) or production of electricity. This paper provides an initial description and technical analysis of its key features. The proposed AHTR uses coated-particle graphite-matrix fuel similar to that used in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs), such as the General Atomics gas turbine-modular helium reactor. However, unlike the HTGRs, the AHTR uses a molten-salt coolant and a pool configuration, similar to that of the General Electric Super Power Reactor Inherently Safe Module (S-PRISM) liquid-metal reactor. Because the boiling points for molten fluoride salts are near {approx}1400 deg. C, the reactor can operate at very high temperatures and atmospheric pressure. For thermochemical H{sub 2} production, the heat is delivered at the required near-constant high temperature and low pressure. For electricity production, a multireheat helium Brayton (gas-turbine) cycle, with efficiencies >50%, is used. The low-pressure molten-salt coolant, with its high heat capacity and natural circulation heat transfer capability, creates the potential for robust safety (including fully passive decay-heat removal) and improved economics with passive safety systems that allow higher power densities and scaling to large reactor sizes [>1000 MW(electric)].

OSTI ID:
20837814
Journal Information:
Nuclear Technology, Vol. 144, Issue 3; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2006 American Nuclear Society (ANS), United States, All rights reserved. http://epubs.ans.org/; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0029-5450
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English