Accelerator measurements of the Askaryan effect in rock salt: A roadmap toward teraton underground neutrino detectors

Gorham, P W; Guillian, E; Milincic, R; Miocinovic, P; Saltzberg, D; Williams, D; Field, R C; Walz, D

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.72.023002

Accelerator measurements of the Askaryan effect in rock salt: A roadmap toward teraton underground neutrino detectors

Journal Article · Fri Jul 15 04:00:00 EDT 2005 · Physical Review. D, Particles Fields

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.72.023002· OSTI ID:20711100

Gorham, P W; Guillian, E; Milincic, R; Miocinovic, P ^[1]; Saltzberg, D; Williams, D ^[2]; Field, R C; Walz, D ^[3]

Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii (United States)
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (United States)
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California (United States)

We report on further SLAC measurements of the Askaryan effect: coherent radio emission from charge asymmetry in electromagnetic cascades. We used synthetic rock salt as the dielectric medium, with cascades produced by GeV bremsstrahlung photons at the Final Focus Test Beam. We extend our prior discovery measurements to a wider range of parameter space and explore the effect in a dielectric medium of great potential interest to large-scale ultra-high-energy neutrino detectors: rock salt (halite), which occurs naturally in high purity formations containing in many cases hundreds of km{sup 3} of water-equivalent mass. We observed strong coherent pulsed radio emission over a frequency band from 0.2-15 GHz. A grid of embedded dual-polarization antennas was used to confirm the high degree of linear polarization and track the change of direction of the electric-field vector with azimuth around the shower. Coherence was observed over 4 orders of magnitude of shower energy. The frequency dependence of the radiation was tested over 2 orders of magnitude of UHF and microwave frequencies. We have also made the first observations of coherent transition radiation from the Askaryan charge excess, and the result agrees well with theoretical predictions. Based on these results we have performed a detailed and conservative simulation of a realistic GZK neutrino telescope array within a salt dome, and we find it capable of detecting 10 or more contained events per year from even the most conservative GZK neutrino models.

OSTI ID:: 20711100

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D, Particles Fields, Journal Name: Physical Review. D, Particles Fields Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 72; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 0556-2821

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (42)

Measurements of the Suitability of Large Rock Salt Formations for Radio Detection of High Energy Neutrinos Gorham, Peter; Saltzberg, David; Odian, Allen arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ex/0108027	text	January 2001
Electromagnetic pulses from high-energy showers: Implications for neutrino detection Zas, E.; Halzen, F.; Stanev, T. Physical Review D, Vol. 45, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.45.362	journal	January 1992
Characterization of neutrino signals with radiopulses in dense media through the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect Alvarez-Muñiz, J.; Vázquez, R. A.; Zas, E. Physical Review D, Vol. 61, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.61.023001	journal	December 1999
Experimental Limit on the Cosmic Diffuse Ultrahigh Energy Neutrino Flux Gorham, P. W.; Hebert, C. L.; Liewer, K. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.041101	journal	July 2004
Detecting microscopic black holes with neutrino telescopes Alvarez-Muñiz, Jaime; Feng, Jonathan L.; Halzen, Francis Physical Review D, Vol. 65, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.65.124015	journal	June 2002
Ultra-high energy neutrinos: A review of theoretical and phenomenological issues Gandhi, Raj Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, Vol. 91, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(00)00975-0	journal	January 2001
Radio-frequency measurements of coherent transition and Cherenkov radiation: Implications for high-energy neutrino detection Gorham, Peter W.; Saltzberg, David P.; Schoessow, Paul Physical Review E, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.8590	journal	December 2000
Neutrinos from propagation of ultrahigh energy protons Engel, Ralph; Seckel, David; Stanev, Todor Physical Review D, Vol. 64, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.64.093010	journal	October 2001
Observation of the Askaryan Effect: Coherent Microwave Cherenkov Emission from Charge Asymmetry in High-Energy Particle Cascades Saltzberg, David; Gorham, Peter; Walz, Dieter Physical Review Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.86.2802	journal	March 2001
Cherenkov radio pulses from EeV neutrino interactions: the LPM effect Alvarez-Muñiz, J.; Zas, E. Physics Letters B, Vol. 411, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(97)01009-5	journal	October 1997
Observation of the Askaryan Effect: Coherent Microwave Cherenkov Emission from Charge Asymmetry in High Energy Particle Cascades Saltzberg, David; Gorham, Peter; Walz, Dieter arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ex/0011001	text	January 2000
A search for lunar radio C̆erenkov emission from high-energy neutrinos Hankins, T. H. First international workshop on the radio detection of high energy particles, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1398170	conference	January 2001
Limits on the ultra-high energy electron neutrino flux from the RICE experiment Kravchenko, I.; Frichter, G. M.; Miller, T. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0927-6505(03)00181-6	journal	November 2003
Black Hole Production by Cosmic Rays Feng, Jonathan L.; Shapere, Alfred D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.021303	journal	December 2001
Cosmogenic neutrinos from ultra-high energy nuclei Ave, M.; Busca, N.; Olinto, A. V. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2004.11.001	journal	February 2005
High Energy Neutrinos from Astrophysical Sources: An Upper Bound Waxman, Eli; Bahcall, John arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9807282	text	January 1998
A search for lunar radio Cerenkov emission from high-energy neutrinos Hankins, T. H.; Ekers, R. D.; O'Sullivan, J. D. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 283, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/283.3.1027	journal	December 1996
Measurements of the suitability of large rock salt formations for radio detection of high-energy neutrinos Gorham, Peter; Saltzberg, David; Odian, Allen Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 490, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(02)01077-x	journal	September 2002
Experimental Limit on the Cosmic Diffuse Ultra-high Energy Neutrino Flux Gorham, P. W.; Hebert, C. L.; Liewer, K. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0310232	text	January 2003
Neutrino bounds on astrophysical sources and new physics Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Feng, Jonathan L.; Goldberg, Haim Physical Review D, Vol. 66, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.66.103002	journal	November 2002
Calculation methods for radio pulses from high energy showers Alvarez-Muñiz, J.; Vázquez, R. A.; Zas, E. Physical Review D, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.62.063001	journal	August 2000
Earth-skimming UHE tau neutrinos at the fluorescence detector of Pierre Auger Observatory Aramo, C.; Insolia, A.; Leonardi, A. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2004.11.008	journal	February 2005
Diffuse fluxes of cosmic high-energy neutrinos Stecker, F. W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 228 https://doi.org/10.1086/156919	journal	March 1979
Detecting Microscopic Black Holes with Neutrino Telescopes Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime; Feng, Jonathan L.; Halzen, Francis arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0202081	text	January 2002
Implications of an extragalactic origin for the highest energy cosmic rays Wdowczyk, J.; Wolfendale, A. W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 349 https://doi.org/10.1086/168290	journal	January 1990
Salt neutrino detector for ultrahigh-energy neutrinos Chiba, M.; Kamijo, T.; Yasuda, O. Physics of Atomic Nuclei, Vol. 67, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1825527	journal	November 2004
Black Hole Production by Cosmic Rays Feng, Jonathan L.; Shapere, Alfred D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0109106	text	January 2001
The LPM effect for EeV hadronic showers in ice: implications for radio detection of neutrinos Alvarez-Muñiz, J.; Zas, E. Physics Letters B, Vol. 434, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00905-8	journal	August 1998
Observation of coherent Čerenkov radiation from a solid dielectric with short bunches of electrons Takahashi, Toshiharu; Shibata, Yukio; Ishi, Kimihiro Physical Review E, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.8606	journal	December 2000
Detecting ντ oscillations at PeV energies Learned, John G.; Pakvasa, Sandip Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-6505(94)00043-3	journal	May 1995
Earth-skimming UHE Tau Neutrinos at the Fluorescence Detector of Pierre Auger Observatory Aramo, C.; Insolia, A.; Leonardi, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0407638	text	January 2004
Cosmology with 100-TeV γ -ray telescopes Halzen, F.; Protheroe, R. J.; Stanev, T. Physical Review D, Vol. 41, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.41.342	journal	January 1990
FORTE satellite constraints on ultrahigh energy cosmic particle fluxes Lehtinen, Nikolai G.; Gorham, Peter W.; Jacobson, Abram R. Physical Review D, Vol. 69, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.69.013008	journal	January 2004
End to the Cosmic-Ray Spectrum? Greisen, Kenneth Physical Review Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.16.748	journal	April 1966
The Lateral and the Angular Structure Functions of Electron Showers Kamata, Koichi; Nishimura, Jun Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.1143/ptps.6.93	journal	January 1958
High energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources: An upper bound Waxman, Eli; Bahcall, John Physical Review D, Vol. 59, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.59.023002	journal	December 1998
Cosmic rays at ultra high energies (neutrino?) Beresinsky, V. S.; Zatsepin, G. T. Physics Letters B, Vol. 28, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(69)90341-4	journal	January 1969
Propagation of ultra high energy protons and gamma rays over cosmological distances and implications for topological defect models Protheroe, R. J.; Johnson, P. A. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-6505(95)00039-9	journal	February 1996
FORTE satellite constraints on ultra-high energy cosmic particle fluxes Lehtinen, Nikolai G.; Gorham, Peter W.; Jacobson, Abram R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0309656	text	January 2003
Ultrahigh-energy neutrino fluxes and their constraints Kalashev, Oleg E.; Kuzmin, Vadim A.; Semikoz, Dmitry V. Physical Review D, Vol. 66, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.66.063004	journal	September 2002
Ultrahigh energy photons, electrons, and neutrinos, the microwave background, and the universal cosmic-ray hypothesis Stecker, F. W. Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00645585	journal	January 1973
Neutrino Bounds on Astrophysical Sources and New Physics Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Feng, Jonathan L.; Goldberg, Haim arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0207139	text	January 2002

Cited By (18)

Time-Domain Measurement of Broadband Coherent Cherenkov Radiation Miocinovic, P.; Field, R. C.; Gorham, P. W. https://doi.org/10.2172/877430	report	March 2006
The impact of recent advances in laboratory astrophysics on our understanding of the cosmos Savin, D. W.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Cowan, J. J. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/75/3/036901	journal	February 2012
A limit on the ultra-high-energy neutrino flux from lunar observations with the Parkes radio telescope Bray, J. D.; Ekers, R. D.; Roberts, P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1502.03313	text	January 2015
LUNASKA experiments using the Australia Telescope Compact Array to search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos and develop technology for the lunar Cherenkov technique James, C. W.; Ekers, R. D.; Álvarez-Muñiz, J. Physical Review D, Vol. 81, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.81.042003	journal	February 2010
Performance of two Askaryan Radio Array stations and first results in the search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos Allison, P.; Bard, R.; Beatty, J. J. Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.93.082003	journal	April 2016
Coherent Transition Radiation from the Geomagnetically Induced Current in Cosmic-Ray Air Showers: Implications for the Anomalous Events Observed by ANITA de Vries, Krijn D.; Prohira, Steven Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.091102	journal	August 2019
The Impact of Recent Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics on our Understanding of the Cosmos Savin, D. W.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Cowan, J. J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1112.2770	text	January 2011
Time-domain measurement of broadband coherent Cherenkov radiation Miočinović, P.; Field, R. C.; Gorham, P. W. Physical Review D, Vol. 74, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.74.043002	journal	August 2006
Accelerator Measurements of Magnetically Induced Radio Emission from Particle Cascades with Applications to Cosmic-Ray Air Showers Belov, K.; Mulrey, K.; Romero-Wolf, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.116.141103	journal	April 2016
Čerenkov radio pulses from electromagnetic showers in the time domain Alvarez-Muñiz, Jaime; Romero-Wolf, Andrés; Zas, Enrique Physical Review D, Vol. 81, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.81.123009	journal	June 2010
Observations of the Askaryan Effect in Ice Gorham, P. W.; Barwick, S. W.; Beatty, J. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.99.171101	journal	October 2007
Calculations of electric fields for radio detection of ultrahigh energy particles García-Fernández, Daniel; Alvarez-Muñiz, Jaime; Carvalho, Washington R. Physical Review D, Vol. 87, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.87.023003	journal	January 2013
RICE limits on the diffuse ultrahigh energy neutrino flux Kravchenko, I.; Cooley, C.; Hussain, S. Physical Review D, Vol. 73, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.73.082002	journal	April 2006
Limit on the ultrahigh-energy neutrino flux from lunar observations with the Parkes radio telescope Bray, J. D.; Ekers, R. D.; Roberts, P. Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.91.063002	journal	March 2015
RICE Limits on the Diffuse Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux Bean, Alice; Liss, Tony M. INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS: 9th Conference CIPAN2006, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2402620	conference	January 2006
Time-Domain Measurement of Broadband Coherent Cherenkov Radiation Miocinovic, P.; Field, R. C.; Gorham, P. W. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ex/0602043	text	January 2006
Practical and accurate calculations of Askaryan radiation Alvarez-Muñiz, Jaime; Romero-Wolf, Andrés; Zas, Enrique Physical Review D, Vol. 84, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.84.103003	journal	November 2011
Coherent radio emission from the electron beam sudden appearance de Vries, Krijn D.; DuVernois, Michael; Fukushima, Masaki Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.98.123020	journal	December 2018

Similar Records

Accelerator Measurments of the Askaryan Effect in Rock Salt: A Roadmap Toward Teraton Underground Neutrino Detectors

Technical Report · Tue Dec 14 23:00:00 EST 2004 · OSTI ID:839783

Accelerator measurements of the Askaryan effect in rock salt: A roadmap toward teraton underground neutrino detectors

Journal Article · Wed Jul 20 20:00:00 EDT 2005 · Physical Review. D, Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology · OSTI ID:1442457

Observation of the Askaryan Effect

Technical Report · Mon Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2004 · OSTI ID:839956

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
ASYMMETRY
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
COSMIC NEUTRINOS
COSMIC SHOWERS
DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
ELECTRIC FIELDS
FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE
GEV RANGE
GHZ RANGE
MICROWAVE RADIATION
NEUTRINO DETECTION
PHOTONS
POLARIZATION
STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CENTER
SYNTHETIC ROCKS
TRANSITION RADIATION
UNDERGROUND

Accelerator measurements of the Askaryan effect in rock salt: A roadmap toward teraton underground neutrino detectors

Citation Formats

References (42)

Cited By (18)

Similar Records

Related Subjects