Vortex lattice stability and phase coherence in three-dimensional rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates

Journal Article · Wed Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 2004 · Physical Review. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.70.033602· OSTI ID:20646098

Gifford, S Andrew; Baym, Gordon ^[1]

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1. Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Ilinois 61801 (United States)

We establish the general equations of motion for the modes of a vortex lattice in a rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in three dimensions, taking into account the elastic energy of the lattice and the vortex line bending energy. As in two dimensions, the vortex lattice supports Tkachenko and gapped sound modes. In contrast, in three dimensions the Tkachenko mode frequency at long wavelengths becomes linear in the wave vector for any propagation direction out of the transverse plane. We compute the correlation functions of the vortex displacements and the superfluid order parameter for a homogeneous Bose gas of bounded extent in the axial direction. At zero temperature the vortex displacement correlations are convergent at large separation, but at finite temperatures, they grow with separation. The growth of the vortex displacements should lead to observable melting of vortex lattices at higher temperatures and somewhat lower particle number and faster rotation than in current experiments. At zero temperature a system of large extent in the axial direction maintains long range order-parameter correlations for large separation, but at finite temperatures the correlations decay with separation.

• OSTI ID: 20646098
• Journal Information: Physical Review. A, Journal Name: Physical Review. A Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 70; ISSN 1050-2947; ISSN PLRAAN
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION
BOSE-EINSTEIN GAS
CORRELATION FUNCTIONS
CORRELATIONS
DECAY
EQUATIONS OF MOTION
MELTING
ORDER PARAMETERS
ROTATION
SOUND WAVES
STABILITY
SUPERFLUIDITY
THREE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
VECTORS
VORTICES