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A Comparison of Solidification Structures and Submicroscale Cellular Segregation in Rapidly Solidified Stainless Steels Produced via Two-Piston Splat Quenching and Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Journal Article · · Microscopy and Microanalysis
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4]
  1. University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States); Woodward Inc., Loves Park, IL (United States)
  2. Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies, Kansas City, MO (United States)
  3. Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies, Kansas City, MO (United States); Framatome, Lynchburg, VA (United States)
  4. University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Fusion-based additive manufacturing techniques leverage rapid solidification (RS) conditions to create parts with complex geometries, unique microscale/nanoscale morphological features, and elemental segregation. Three custom composition stainless steel alloys with varying chromium equivalence to nickel equivalence ratio (Creq/Nieq) between 1.53 and 1.95 were processed using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and/or two-piston splat quenching (SQ) to produce solidification rates estimated between 0.4 and 0.8 m/s. Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to collect high-resolution images, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) phase identification, and measure cellular segregation. Similar features were observed in both LPBF and SQ samples including phase and microstructure, nanoscale oxide particles, cell size, and segregation behavior. However, dislocation pileup was observed along the cell boundaries only in the LPBF austenite solidified microstructure. Targeted adjustment of the SQ feedstock Cr and Ni concentrations, within the ASTM A240 specification for 316L resulted in no observable impact on the cell size, oxide particle size, or magnitude of segregation. Also, the amount of Ni segregation in the ferrite solidified microstructures did not significantly differ, regardless of Cr/Nieq or processing technique. Here, SQ is demonstrated as capable of simulating RS rates and microstructures similar to LPBF for use as an alternative screening tool for new RS alloy compositions.
Research Organization:
Kansas City Nuclear Security Campus (KCNSC), Kansas City, MO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
NA0002839
OSTI ID:
2008036
Report Number(s):
NSC--614-4970
Journal Information:
Microscopy and Microanalysis, Journal Name: Microscopy and Microanalysis Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 29; ISSN 1431-9276
Publisher:
Microscopy Society of America (MSA)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Figures / Tables (17)

Table 3.1.1(p. 17)table Table 3.1.1
Figure 3.1.1(p. 18)figure Figure 3.1.1
Figure 3.1.2(p. 21)figure Figure 3.1.2
Figure 3.2.1(p. 24)figure Figure 3.2.1
Figure 3.2.2(p. 25)figure Figure 3.2.2
Figure 3.2.3(p. 26)figure Figure 3.2.3
Figure 3.2.4(p. 28)figure Figure 3.2.4
Figure 3.3.1(p. 30)figure Figure 3.3.1
Figure 3.3.2(p. 32)figure Figure 3.3.2
Table 3.3.1(p. 34)table Table 3.3.1
Figure 3.4.1(p. 35)figure Figure 3.4.1
Figure 3.4.2(p. 36)figure Figure 3.4.2
Table 3.4.1(p. 38)table Table 3.4.1
Figure 3.5.1(p. 39)figure Figure 3.5.1
Figure 3.5.2(p. 40)figure Figure 3.5.2
Table 3.6.1(p. 44)table Table 3.6.1
Table 4.1.1(p. 51)table Table 4.1.1

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Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
STEM-EDX
cellular solidification
laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)
rapid solidification
two-piston splat quench