Utilization of Ca K-Edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure to Identify Intercalation in Potential Multivalent Battery Materials

Proffit, Danielle L.; Fister, Timothy T.; Kim, Soojeong; Pan, Baofei; Liao, Chen; Vaughey, John T.

doi:10.1149/2.0121613jes

Utilization of Ca K-Edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure to Identify Intercalation in Potential Multivalent Battery Materials

Journal Article · Wed Sep 14 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0121613jes· OSTI ID:2007801

Proffit, Danielle L. ^[1]; Fister, Timothy T. ^[1]; Kim, Soojeong ^[1]; Pan, Baofei ^[1]; Liao, Chen ^[1]; Vaughey, John T. ^[1]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)

Multivalent-ion batteries have been under investigation as a technology that can provide energy densities beyond that provided by lithium ion batteries. An emerging cation of interest is calcium, as it has similar electrochemical properties and size to sodium, and systems incorporating it have high theoretical density. Common techniques used to investigate intercalation, such as NMR, are currently unable to distinguish calcium's role in energy storage materials. In this work, we investigated the ability of calcium XANES to provide fingerprint identification of intercalated species using Ca ion exchanged Na_xCoO₂ and a Ca(PF₆)₂-based electrolyte as a case study. Ca XANES was able to detect intercalation down to concentrations of ~1 Ca per 950 Å³, even with residual electrolyte on the surface. The ability to observe the structure of the intercalated ion will enable the discovery of new electrolytes and intercalation cathodes by helping to confirm theoretical predictions, allowing multivalent batteries to become a viable high energy density storage technology.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2007801

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 13 Vol. 163; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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