Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Gene-by-environment interactions influence the fitness cost of gene copy-number variation in yeast

Journal Article · · G3
Abstract

Variation in gene copy number can alter gene expression and influence downstream phenotypes; thus copy-number variation provides a route for rapid evolution if the benefits outweigh the cost. We recently showed that genetic background significantly influences how yeast cells respond to gene overexpression, revealing that the fitness costs of copy-number variation can vary substantially with genetic background in a common-garden environment. But the interplay between copy-number variation tolerance and environment remains unexplored on a genomic scale. Here, we measured the tolerance to gene overexpression in four genetically distinct Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains grown under sodium chloride stress. Overexpressed genes that are commonly deleterious during sodium chloride stress recapitulated those commonly deleterious under standard conditions. However, sodium chloride stress uncovered novel differences in strain responses to gene overexpression. West African strain NCYC3290 and North American oak isolate YPS128 are more sensitive to sodium chloride stress than vineyard BC187 and laboratory strain BY4743. Consistently, NCYC3290 and YPS128 showed the greatest sensitivities to overexpression of specific genes. Although most genes were deleterious, hundreds were beneficial when overexpressed—remarkably, most of these effects were strain specific. Few beneficial genes were shared between the sodium chloride-sensitive isolates, implicating mechanistic differences behind their sodium chloride sensitivity. Transcriptomic analysis suggested underlying vulnerabilities and tolerances across strains, and pointed to natural copy-number variation of a sodium export pump that likely contributes to strain-specific responses to overexpression of other genes. Our results reveal extensive strain-by-environment interactions in the response to gene copy-number variation, raising important implications for the accessibility of copy-number variation-dependent evolutionary routes under times of stress.

Research Organization:
Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Madison, WI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0018409
OSTI ID:
2007080
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2471956
OSTI ID: 1996029
Journal Information:
G3, Journal Name: G3 Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 13; ISSN 2160-1836
Publisher:
Oxford University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (98)

The PMR2 gene cluster encodes functionally distinct isoforms of a putative Na+ pump in the yeast plasma membrane. journal August 1995
Effects of the S288c genetic background and common auxotrophic markers on mitochondrial DNA function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal December 2008
Insights into molecular evolution from yeast genomics journal May 2014
Monovalent cation transporters at the plasma membrane in yeasts journal October 2018
Environmental Factors Influencing Yeasts book January 2006
Potassium and Sodium Transport in Yeast book January 2016
Copy number polymorphism in plant genomes journal August 2013
Ask yeast how to burn your fats: lessons learned from the metabolic adaptation to salt stress journal June 2017
Genetic background effects in quantitative genetics: gene-by-system interactions journal April 2018
An evolving view of copy number variants journal May 2019
A 'natural' mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains derived from S288c affects the complex regulatory gene HAP1 ( CYP1 ) journal October 1999
Promoter sequences regulated by the calcineurin-activated transcription factor Crz1 in the yeast ENA1 gene journal July 2001
A novel P-type ATPase from yeast involved in sodium transport journal October 1991
Calcineurin signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: how yeast go crazy in response to stress journal November 2003
Yeast genomic expression studies using DNA microarrays book January 2002
Gene Copy-Number Alterations: A Cost-Benefit Analysis journal January 2013
Extensive Strain-Level Copy-Number Variation across Human Gut Microbiome Species journal February 2015
Domestication and Divergence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beer Yeasts journal September 2016
Influences of rare copy-number variation on human complex traits journal October 2022
Exploration of copy number variation in genes related to anti-malarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum journal April 2020
Shift and adapt: the costs and benefits of karyotype variations journal August 2015
The Power of Natural Variation for Model Organism Biology journal March 2016
A high-resolution copy-number variation resource for clinical and population genetics journal September 2015
Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome journal July 2002
Population genomics of domestic and wild yeasts journal February 2009
A molecular barcoded yeast ORF library enables mode-of-action analysis of bioactive compounds journal April 2009
Dosage suppression genetic interaction networks enhance functional wiring diagrams of the cell journal May 2011
Genome evolution across 1,011 Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates journal April 2018
Population-genetic properties of differentiated copy number variations in cattle journal March 2016
Signal processing by the HOG MAP kinase pathway journal May 2008
Expression attenuation as a mechanism of robustness against gene duplication journal February 2021
Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns journal December 1998
Environmental stress and mutational load in diploid strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal January 2001
Cloning and Disruption of CKB1, the Gene Encoding the 38-kDa β Subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Casein Kinase II (CKII) journal May 1995
The GATA Transcription Factors GLN3 and GAT1 Link TOR to Salt Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal July 2001
Phosphorylation of Dgk1 Diacylglycerol Kinase by Casein Kinase II Regulates Phosphatidic Acid Production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal December 2016
Genomic Expression Programs in the Response of Yeast Cells to Environmental Changes journal December 2000
Unique and Redundant Roles for HOG MAPK Pathway Components as Revealed by Whole-Genome Expression Analysis journal February 2004
Stress-activated Genomic Expression Changes Serve a Preparative Role for Impending Stress in Yeast journal November 2008
Analysing high-throughput sequencing data in Python with HTSeq 2.0 journal March 2022
Java Treeview--extensible visualization of microarray data journal June 2004
Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform journal May 2009
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools journal June 2009
edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data journal November 2009
Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data journal April 2014
The HOG pathway and the regulation of osmoadaptive responses in yeast journal March 2022
Yeast osmoregulation – glycerol still in pole position journal August 2022
Molecular communication: crosstalk between the Snf1 and other signaling pathways journal May 2015
Ploidy plasticity: a rapid and reversible strategy for adaptation to stress journal March 2016
Chromosome-level genome assembly and structural variant analysis of two laboratory yeast strains from the Peterhof Genetic Collection lineage journal February 2021
The genetic basis of differential autodiploidization in evolving yeast populations journal June 2021
Environment Dependence of Mutational Parameters for Viability in Drosophila melanogaster journal July 2002
Energy Constraints on the Evolution of Gene Expression journal March 2005
The pathway by which the yeast protein kinase Snf1p controls acquisition of sodium tolerance is different from that mediating glucose regulation journal September 2008
Identification of dosage-sensitive genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the genetic tug-of-war method journal December 2012
The 100-genomes strains, an S. cerevisiae resource that illuminates its natural phenotypic and genotypic variation and emergence as an opportunistic pathogen journal April 2015
Role of the yeast multidrug transporter Qdr2 in cation homeostasis and the oxidative stress response journal February 2013
Ecological and evolutionary genomics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal February 2006
Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces paradoxus coexist in a natural woodland site in North America and display different levels of reproductive isolation from European conspecifics journal January 2002
An atypical PMR2   locus is responsible for hypersensitivity to sodium and lithium cations in the laboratory strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae  CEN.PK113-7D journal August 2009
Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing journal January 1995
Mitochondria-encoded genes contribute to evolution of heat and cold tolerance in yeast journal January 2019
Relative Impact of Nucleotide and Copy Number Variation on Gene Expression Phenotypes journal February 2007
Activation of Yeast PBS2 MAPKK by MAPKKKs or by Binding of an SH3-Containing Osmosensor journal July 1995
Leveraging Genetic-Background Effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae To Improve Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate Tolerance journal July 2016
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Multidrug Resistance Transporter Qdr2 Is Implicated in Potassium Uptake, Providing a Physiological Advantage to Quinidine-Stressed Cells journal February 2007
Regulation of ENA1 Na + -ATPase Gene Expression by the Ppz1 Protein Phosphatase Is Mediated by the Calcineurin Pathway journal October 2003
Regulation of Cation Transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the Salt Tolerance Gene HAL3 journal October 1995
Repressors and Upstream Repressing Sequences of the Stress-Regulated ENA1 Gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: bZIP Protein Sko1p Confers HOG-Dependent Osmotic Regulation journal January 1999
A Novel Mechanism of Ion Homeostasis and Salt Tolerance in Yeast: the Hal4 and Hal5 Protein Kinases Modulate the Trk1-Trk2 Potassium Transporter journal May 1999
Leishmania Genome Dynamics during Environmental Adaptation Reveal Strain-Specific Differences in Gene Copy Number Variation, Karyotype Instability, and Telomeric Amplification journal December 2018
Candida albicans Genetic Background Influences Mean and Heterogeneity of Drug Responses and Genome Stability during Evolution in Fluconazole journal June 2020
Independent Mechanisms for Acquired Salt Tolerance versus Growth Resumption Induced by Mild Ethanol Pretreatment in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal December 2018
One Hundred Years of Gene Balance: How Stoichiometric Issues Affect Gene Expression, Genome Evolution, and Quantitative Traits journal January 2021
Environmental stress and the effects of mutation journal January 2003
A Catalog of Neutral and Deleterious Polymorphism in Yeast journal August 2008
Variations in Stress Sensitivity and Genomic Expression in Diverse S. cerevisiae Isolates journal October 2008
Incipient Balancing Selection through Adaptive Loss of Aquaporins in Natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae Populations journal April 2010
Trait Variation in Yeast Is Defined by Population History journal June 2011
Multiple Means to the Same End: The Genetic Basis of Acquired Stress Resistance in Yeast journal November 2011
Genome-wide association across Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains reveals substantial variation in underlying gene requirements for toxin tolerance journal February 2018
A Snf1-related nutrient-responsive kinase antagonizes endocytosis in yeast journal March 2020
Regulation of the Na+/K+-ATPase Ena1 Expression by Calcineurin/Crz1 under High pH Stress: A Quantitative Study journal June 2016
Pathway connectivity and signaling coordination in the yeast stress‐activated signaling network journal November 2014
Evolutionary rescue by compensatory mutations is constrained by genomic and environmental backgrounds journal October 2015
Dissecting Gene Expression Changes Accompanying a Ploidy-Based Phenotypic Switch journal November 2016
Natural Variation in SER1 and ENA6 Underlie Condition-Specific Growth Defects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal November 2017
Natural Isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Display Complex Genetic Variation in Sporulation Efficiency journal September 2006
Polymorphisms in Multiple Genes Contribute to the Spontaneous Mitochondrial Genome Instability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C Strains journal July 2009
An Evaluation of High-Throughput Approaches to QTL Mapping in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal December 2013
A Quasi-Domesticate Relic Hybrid Population of Saccharomyces cerevisiae × S. paradoxus Adapted to Olive Brine journal May 2019
Copy Number Variation in Fungi and Its Implications for Wine Yeast Genetic Diversity and Adaptation journal February 2018
The Ecology and Evolution of the Baker’s Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal January 2022
Dosage compensation can buffer copy-number variation in wild yeast journal May 2015
The fascinating and secret wild life of the budding yeast S. cerevisiae journal March 2015
Distributing tasks via multiple input pathways increases cellular survival in stress journal May 2017
The genetic basis of aneuploidy tolerance in wild yeast journal January 2020
Natural variation in the consequences of gene overexpression and its implications for evolutionary trajectories journal August 2021