Comparative analysis of sublimation and thermal decomposition of TATB

Koroglu, Batikan; Burnham, Alan K.; Mashiana, Imren; Racoveanu, Ana; Arose, Christopher; Crowhurst, Jonathan C.; Reynolds, John G.

doi:10.1002/prep.202300124

Comparative analysis of sublimation and thermal decomposition of TATB

Journal Article · Mon Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300124· OSTI ID:2005125

^[1]; ^[2]; Mashiana, Imren ^[1]; Racoveanu, Ana ^[1]; Arose, Christopher ^[1]; Crowhurst, Jonathan C. ^[1]; ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); M. H. Chew and Associates, Livermore, CA (United States)

This experimental study investigated the effects of confinement, starting mass, and heating rate on TATB thermal decomposition and sublimation using a combined Thermo-Gravimetric Analyzer and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA/DSC) instrument. The confinement of volatile products was varied using different pinhole sizes with TGA/DSC pans. The measurements showed the open pan experiments without lids/pinholes resulted in complete sublimation of TATB between 320 °C and 360 °C. The heat of sublimation was determined to be 176 kJ/mol (42 kcal /mol), consistent with literature data obtained from other experimental techniques. The use of pinholes suppressed the sublimation of TATB such that the decrease in pinhole size resulted in 1) an increase in the enthalpy of reaction and an increase in the amount of carbonaceous material remaining at the end of decomposition, and 2) convergence of the two peak temperatures corresponding to maximum heat flow and maximum weight loss. Also, a transition from a two-exotherm thermal decomposition behavior towards a single-exotherm occurred as the pinhole size was decreased for a given starting mass or as the starting mass was increased for a given pinhole size. These results indicate the kinetics of TATB sublimation, TATB thermal decomposition, and gas diffusion out of a TGA/DSC pan can all compete and result in significantly different enthalpies, amounts of remaining materials, and peak temperatures depending on the pinhole size and starting mass used in the measurements. Furthermore, the results also indicate precise control of process variables (pinhole size, starting mass, and heating rate) in TGA/DSC measurements is required for thermal safety assessment of explosives.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2005125

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2007966

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL--848862; 1073147

Journal Information:: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Journal Name: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 49; ISSN 0721-3115

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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