Climate cooling benefits of cellulosic bioenergy crops from elevated albedo

Lei, Cheyenne; Chen, Jiquan; Robertson, G. Philip

doi:10.1111/gcbb.13098

Climate cooling benefits of cellulosic bioenergy crops from elevated albedo

Journal Article · Sat Sep 23 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Global Change Biology. Bioenergy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13098· OSTI ID:2004631

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DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA, Center for Global Change and Earth Observations Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA, Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA, Center for Global Change and Earth Observations Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA, W.K. Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State University Hickory Corners Michigan USA
DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA, W.K. Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State University Hickory Corners Michigan USA, Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA

Abstract

Changes in land surface albedo can alter ecosystem energy balance and potentially influence climate. We examined the albedo of six bioenergy cropping systems in southwest Michigan USA: monocultures of energy sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ), switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.), and giant miscanthus ( Miscanthus × giganteus) , and polycultures of native grasses, early successional vegetation, and restored prairie. Direct field measurements of surface albedo ( α _s ) from May 2018 through December 2020 at half‐hourly intervals in each system quantified the magnitudes and seasonal differences in albedo (∆ _α ) and albedo‐induced radiative forcing (RF _{∆ α} ). We used a nearby forest as a historical native cover type to estimate reference albedo and RF _{∆ α} change upon original land use conversion, and a continuous no‐till maize ( Zea mays L .) system as a contemporary reference to estimate change upon conversion from annual row crops. Annually, α _s differed significantly ( p < 0.05) among crops in the order: early successional (0.288 ± 0.012SE) >> miscanthus (0.271 ± 0.009) ≈ energy sorghum (0.270 ± 0.010) ≥ switchgrass (0.265 ± 0.009) ≈ restored prairie (0.264 ± 0.012) > native grasses (0.259 ± 0.010) > maize (0.247 ± 0.010). Reference forest had the lowest annual α _s (0.134 ± 0.003). Albedo differences among crops during the growing season were also statistically significant, with growing season α _s in perennial crops and energy sorghum on average ~20% higher (0.206 ± 0.003) than in no‐till maize (0.184 ± 0.002). Average non‐growing season (NGS) α _s (0.370 ± 0.020) was much higher than growing season α _s (0.203 ± 0.003) but these NGS differences were not significant. Overall, the original conversion of reference forest and maize landscapes to perennials provided a cooling effect on the local climate (RF _αMAIZE : −3.83 ± 1.00 W m ⁻² ; RF _αFOREST : −16.75 ± 3.01 W m ⁻² ). Significant differences among cropping systems suggest an additional management intervention for maximizing the positive climate benefit of bioenergy crops, with cellulosic crops on average ~9.1% more reflective than no‐till maize, which itself was about twice as reflective as the reference forest.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-07ER64494; SC0018409

OSTI ID:: 2004631

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2202723

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy, Journal Name: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 15; ISSN 1757-1693

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Data from: Comparative water use by maize, perennial crops, restored prairie, and poplar trees in the US Midwest

Dataset · Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · OSTI ID:1873869

Climate cooling benefits of cellulosic bioenergy crops from elevated albedo

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