Estimating cancer risk from outdoor concentrations of hazardous air pollutants in 1990

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 2000 · Environmental Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1006/enrs.1999.4021· OSTI ID:20026722

Woodruff, T J; Caldwell, J; Cogliano, V J; Axelrad, D A

A public health concern regarding hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) is their potential to cause cancer. It has been difficult to assess potential cancer risks from HAPs, due primarily to lack of ambient concentration data for the general population. The Environmental Protection Agency's Cumulative Exposure Project modeled 1990 outdoor concentrations of HAPs across the United States, which were combined with inhalation unit risk estimates to estimate the potential increase in excess cancer risk for individual carcinogenic HAPs. These were summed3d to provide an estimate of cancer risk from multiple HAPs. The analysis estimates a median excess cancer risk of 18 lifetime cancer cases per 100,000 people for all HAP concentrations. About 75% of estimated cancer risk was attributable to exposure to polycyclic organic matter, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, benzene, and chromium. Consideration of some specific uncertainties, including underestimation of ambient concentrations, combining upper 95% confidence bound potency estimates, and changes to potency estimates, found that cancer risk may be underestimated by 15% or overestimated by 40--50%. Other unanalyzed uncertainties could make these under- or overestimates larger. This analysis used 1990 estimates of concentrations and can be used to track progress toward reducing cancer risk to the general population.

• Research Organization: Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC (US)
• OSTI ID: 20026722
• Journal Information: Environmental Research, Journal Name: Environmental Research Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 82; ISSN ENVRAL; ISSN 0013-9351
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION MONITORING
BENZENE
BUTADIENE
CARCINOGENESIS
CHROMIUM
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
FORMALDEHYDE
HEALTH HAZARDS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS