Control methods for mitigating flow oscillations in a supercritical CO2 recompression closed Brayton cycle

Albright, Jacob; Zitney, Stephen E.; Liese, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121922

Title: Control methods for mitigating flow oscillations in a supercritical CO₂ recompression closed Brayton cycle

Journal Article · Sat Sep 16 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Applied Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121922· OSTI ID:2001467

Albright, Jacob ^[1]; Zitney, Stephen E. ^[1]; Liese, Eric ^[1]

National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States)

A dynamic model of a 10 MWe supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂) recompression closed Brayton power generation cycle is used to investigate control methods for mitigating oscillations in flow conditions and power demand load, especially as the load ramp rate is increased and the load setpoint is more closely tracked. The focus is on control of the main compressor inlet temperature (MCIT) since oscillations are prompted by the strong nonlinearities in sCO₂ fluid properties near the critical point and by changes in system inventory for efficient load management. In this study, the oscillatory behavior during load ramping is first shown and then two potential control solutions for substantially reducing oscillations are given: 1) the use of the main compressor inlet guide vanes (IGV) and 2) bypassing a portion of the sCO₂ around the cooler to maintain the MCIT. These control methods reduce the effect of cycle feedback from interactions between the MCIT and load. When implementing either control method, a load setpoint ramp of 7.5%/min was maintainable while achieving closer load setpoint tracking with limited oscillations. Finally, the impact of sensor noise on the control was examined since derivative action was used in the IGV and cooler sCO₂ bypass control. Finally, while some effect was evident, signal noise was not problematic to the control.

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Research Organization:: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, Morgantown, WV, and Albany, OR (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

OSTI ID:: 2001467

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2001150

Journal Information:: Applied Energy, Vol. 352; ISSN 0306-2619

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (12)

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Advanced control strategies for dynamic operation of a solar-assisted recompression supercritical CO2 Brayton power cycle Luu, Minh Tri; Milani, Dia; McNaughton, Robbie Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 136 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.03.021	journal	May 2018
Startup, shutdown, and load-following simulations of a 10 MWe supercritical CO2 recompression closed Brayton cycle Liese, Eric; Albright, Jacob; Zitney, Stephen A. Applied Energy, Vol. 277 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115628	journal	November 2020
Design and dynamic modeling of printed circuit heat exchangers for supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton power cycles Jiang, Yuan; Liese, Eric; Zitney, Stephen E. Applied Energy, Vol. 231 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.193	journal	December 2018
Simulation of the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton power cycle with a high-temperature regenerator Reznicek, Evan P.; Hinze, Jacob F.; Nellis, Gregory F. Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 229 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113678	journal	February 2021
Analysis for flexible operation of supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle integrated with solar thermal systems Luu, Minh Tri; Milani, Dia; McNaughton, Robbie Energy, Vol. 124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.040	journal	April 2017
Dynamic Characteristic Study of Supercritical CO2 Recompression Brayton Cycle System Zhu, Qinghui; Han, Ruiyan; Yang, Siyuan Frontiers in Energy Research, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.843237	journal	March 2022
Dynamic modelling and start-up operation of a solar-assisted recompression supercritical CO 2 Brayton power cycle Luu, Minh Tri; Milani, Dia; McNaughton, Robbie Applied Energy, Vol. 199 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.04.073	journal	August 2017
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24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
supercritical CO2
recompression Brayton cycle
dynamic process simulation
process control
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Title: Control methods for mitigating flow oscillations in a supercritical CO2 recompression closed Brayton cycle

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Title: Control methods for mitigating flow oscillations in a supercritical CO₂ recompression closed Brayton cycle