Ultrafast Wavefront Shaping via Space-Time Refraction

Fan, Qingyuan; Shaltout, Amr M.; van de Groep, Jorik; Brongersma, Mark L.; Lindenberg, Aaron M.

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00498

Ultrafast Wavefront Shaping via Space-Time Refraction

Journal Article · Mon Jul 03 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · ACS Photonics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00498· OSTI ID:2000964

^[1]; Shaltout, Amr M. ^[2]; ^[3]; Brongersma, Mark L. ^[2]; ^[4]

Stanford University, CA (United States); SLAC
Stanford University, CA (United States)
University of Amsterdam (Netherlands)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford University, CA (United States)

A myriad of metasurfaces have been demonstrated that manipulate light by spatially structuring thin optical layers. Manipulation of the optical properties of such layers in both space and time can unlock new physical phenomena and enable new optical devices. Examples include photon acceleration and frequency conversion, which modifies Snell’s relation to a more general, nonreciprocal form. Here, we combine theory and experiment to realize wavefront shaping and frequency conversion on subpicosecond time-scales by inducing space-time refractive index gradients in epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) films with femtosecond light pulses. Furthermore, we experimentally tune wavefront steering by controlling the incident angle of the beams and the pump–probe delay without the need for nanostructure fabrication. As a demonstration of this approach, we leverage the ultrafast, high-bandwidth optical response of transparent oxides in their ENZ wavelength range to create large refractive index gradients and new types of nonreciprocal, ultrafast two-dimensional (2D) optics, including an ultrathin transient lens.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; SC0019140

OSTI ID:: 2000964

Journal Information:: ACS Photonics, Journal Name: ACS Photonics Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 10; ISSN 2330-4022

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
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