Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Report on Next-Gen AI for Proliferation Detection Workshop: Domain-Aware Methods

Technical Report ·
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/2000731· OSTI ID:2000731
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [5]
  1. Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); US Department of Energy (USDOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Washington, DC (United States)
  2. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  3. US Department of Energy (USDOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Washington, DC (United States)
  4. Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
  5. US Department of Energy (USDOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Washington, DC (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the modern world has impacted nearly every application imaginable. This includes nuclear proliferation detection, which offers the potential to improve existing capabilities as well as create new ones. Proliferation detection seeks to detect and characterize attempts by state and non-state actors to acquire nuclear weapons or associated technology, materials, or knowledge. Such a mission is vitally important for global stability and security but is notoriously difficult. By leveraging advances in AI, exciting opportunities exist to enhance the proliferation detection regime. The Data Science and AI portfolio within the National Nuclear Security Administration’s Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development (DNN R&D) seeks to leverage the capabilities of the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) national laboratories and other partners to develop AI systems that can accomplish otherwise impossible tasks in support of proliferation detection. As part of its efforts, the portfolio has created a series of workshops on Next-Gen AI for Proliferation Detection to help define the requirements for suitable AI systems, share successful research and best practices, and foster connection and understanding between the relevant parties including researchers and end-users. Each workshop in the series focuses on a specific and critical aspect of AI to enable it to accomplish proliferation detection objectives. The first workshop focused on explainability techniques; the second workshop and the topic of this report, covers methods for incorporating domain awareness into AI. The Next-Gen AI for Proliferation Detection Workshop: Domain-Aware Methods took place virtually over two days in February 2021 and included four keynote presentations, 22 technical presentations, and a concluding panel. The presentations, discussions, and workshop findings are summarized in this report.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
2000731
Report Number(s):
PNNL--31699
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (3)

"Why Should I Trust You?": Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifier
  • Ribeiro, Marco Tulio; Singh, Sameer; Guestrin, Carlos
  • Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining - KDD '16 https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939778
conference January 2016
Paired neural networks for hyperspectral target detection conference September 2019
Discovering governing equations from data by sparse identification of nonlinear dynamical systems journal March 2016