Heavy metal behavior during circulating fluidized bed combustion of willow (Salix)
Conference
·
OSTI ID:20006714
The behavior of the heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn was studied experimentally at a 35 MW circulating fluidized bed boiler. The fuel was a Swedish willow (Salix) and quartz sand was used as an additional bed material. Almost no Cd was retained in the bottom ash, whereas Zn was clearly enriched in the bottom ash. 15--27% of Pb was in the gas phase downstream of the cyclone at T = 810 C, but less than 3% of Cd, Cu, or Zn. In the convective pass the gas phase Pb reacted with the coarse fly ash particles. Consequently, all the heavy metals were found entirely in the coarse fly ash particles downstream of the convective pass at T = 150 C. The heavy metals were not enriched in the fine fly ash particles. The coarse fly ash particles were large agglomerates consisting of up to thousands of submicron primary particles. These agglomerates were very effective in capturing volatile heavy metals into the coarse fly ash fraction hindering their condensation and subsequent enrichment in the fine particles.
- Research Organization:
- VTT Chemical Technology (FI)
- OSTI ID:
- 20006714
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-990534--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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