Pyrene metabolites in the hepatopancreas and gut of the isopod Porcellio scaber, a new biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in terrestrial ecosystems
Journal Article
·
· Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
The object of this study was to investigate the formation of pyrene metabolites by the isopod Porcellio scaber as a possible tool in the environmental risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in terrestrial ecosystems. The formation of pyrene metabolites was studied after either pulse exposure to a single high dose, or prolonged exposure (14 d) to a lower dosage. Exposure studies were carried out with unlabeled or radiolabeled pyrene, ion pair chromatography was used for analysis, and reference conjugates were synthesized. The authors also measured pyrene metabolites in field-exposed animals, to explore their use as biomarkers of PAH exposure. Analysis of the hepatopancreas and gut of single isopods revealed the formation of five products, one of which was 1-hydroxypyrene. Four of the remaining products were identified as phase 2 metabolites of 1-hydroxypyrene, with UV absorption and fluorescence characteristics similar to that of pyrene. One metabolite was identified as pyrene-1-glucoside, which is in accordance with high rates of glucosidation, reported for these isopods. Another conjugate was identified as pyrene-1-sulfate. None of the metabolites coeluted with a pyrene-1-glucuronide reference obtained from fish bile. A fifth metabolite detected by on-line scintillation detection did not exhibit any absorption at 340 nm, possibly because one of the aromatic rings of pyrene had lost its aromatic character. Although pyrene is not known for its toxicity, it usually co-occurs with other PAHs that are transformed into toxic products. Investigating the metabolism of pyrene can provide information with regard to the biotransformation capacity of invertebrate species and uptake and elimination kinetics. Because pyrene is one of the most predominant PAHs in the environment, analysis of its metabolites provides an extra tool for the environmental risk assessment of ecosystems with regard to PAH exposure, bioavailability, and biotransformation.
- Research Organization:
- Vrije Univ., Amsterdam (NL)
- OSTI ID:
- 20006596
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Name: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 18; ISSN ETOCDK; ISSN 0730-7268
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Long-term toxicity of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the terrestrial isopods Oniscus asellus and Porcellio scaber
Molt frequency of the isopod Porcellio scaber, as a measure of zinc-contaminated food
Temperature, physiological time, and zinc toxicity in the isopod, Porcellio scaber
Journal Article
·
Mon Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996
· Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
·
OSTI ID:268022
Molt frequency of the isopod Porcellio scaber, as a measure of zinc-contaminated food
Journal Article
·
Wed Jan 31 23:00:00 EST 1996
· Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
·
OSTI ID:201251
Temperature, physiological time, and zinc toxicity in the isopod, Porcellio scaber
Journal Article
·
Sat Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1998
· Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
·
OSTI ID:675400