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Performance comparison of various absorption heat transformers using nitrate-based absorbent systems

Conference ·
OSTI ID:20002312

Environmental problems, including global warming effects due to carbon dioxide, have become serious because of high energy consumption, and, as a result, the development of energy-saving technologies is urgently needed. An important energy-saving technology is the recovery of exhaust heat. In various industrial processes, high-temperature exhaust heat has been recovered at an advanced level, but there is not yet efficient recovery of intermediate and low-temperature exhaust heat. Therefore, it is desirable to develop the technology to recover such low-quality exhaust heat in a manner capable of efficiently raising it to an elevated temperature for industrial re-use. The absorption heat transformer has recently attracted attention for use in the recovery of industrial exhaust heat. By using various working medium+absorbent systems containing nitrate-based adsorbents, a single-stage absorption heat transformer and an advanced absorption heat transformer were evaluated for theoretical performance characteristics. Six working medium+absorbent systems containing nitrates--H{sub 2}O+LiBr+LiNO{sub 3}, H{sub 2}O+LiCl+LiNO{sub 3}, H{sub 2}O+LiI+LiNO{sub 3}, H{sub 2}O+Ca(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}+LiNO{sub 3}, H{sub 2}O +Ca(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}+LiNO{sub 3}+KNO{sub 3}, and H{sub 2}O+LiNO{sub 3}+NaNO{sub 3}+KNO{sub 3}--were chosen for comparison with an H{sub 2}O+LiBr system. For the advanced absorption heat transformer, two types of high-temperature-lift cycles and three types of high-efficiency cycles were used for simulation. The systems H{sub 2}O+Ca(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}+LiNO{sub 3} and H{sub 2}O+Ca(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}+LiNO{sub 3}+KNO{sub 3}, which are less corrosive, can be used in the high-temperature range where the H{sub 2}O+LiBr system cannot.

Research Organization:
Kansai Univ., Osaka (JP)
OSTI ID:
20002312
Report Number(s):
CONF-990102--; ISSN 0001-2505
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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