Alternative E ammonia feedstock
- Wilhelm Environmental Technologies, Indianapolis, IN (US)
Power plants are using more Ammonia for increasing precipitator and baghouse efficiency, for SCR and SNCR processes, and for controlling acid stack plumes and dewpoint corrosion. These simple systems inject ammonia and air into the furnace or the precipitator or baghouse inlet ductwork. The common feedstocks in use today are Anhydrous ammonia [NH{sub 3}] and Aqueous ammonia [NH{sub 4}OH], both defined as poison gases by US authorities and most Western nations. Storage and handling procedures for these products are strictly regulated. Wilhelm Environmental Technologies Inc. is developing use of solid, formed or prilled Urea [CO(NH{sub 2}){sub 2}] as the feedstock. When heated in moist air, Urea sublimes to ammonia [NH{sub 3}] and carbon dioxide [CO{sub 2}]. Urea is stored and handled without restrictions or environmental concerns. Urea is a more expensive feedstock than NH{sub 3}, but much less expensive than [NH{sub 4}OH]. The design, and operating results, of a pilot system at Jacksonville Electric St. John's River Plant [Unit 2] are described. The pilot plant successfully sublimed Urea up to 100 pounds/hour. Further testing is planned. Very large ammonia use may favor NH{sub 3}, but smaller quantities can be produced at attractive prices with Urea based ammonia systems. Storage costs are far less. Many fluidized-bed boilers can use pastille or solid urea metered directly into the existing cyclones for NO{sub x} control. This is more economical than aqueous ammonia or aqueous urea based technology.
- Research Organization:
- Illinois Inst. of Tech., Chicago, IL (US)
- OSTI ID:
- 20000407
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-990410-PROC.-Vol.1
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: American Power Conference 61st Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL (US), 04/06/1999--04/08/1999; Other Information: PBD: 1999; Related Information: In: Proceedings of the American power conference: Volume 61-1, by McBride, A.E. [ed.], 540 pages.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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