Chronology of alkali anorthosite 14304 clast “b” records basin forming impact at ~3.95 Ga

Kruijer, Thomas S.; Borg, Lars E.; Cassata, William S.; Wimpenny, Josh; Brennecka, Greg A.; Shearer, Charles K.; Simon, Steven B.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2023.07.026

Title: Chronology of alkali anorthosite 14304 clast “b” records basin forming impact at ~3.95 Ga

Journal Article · Wed Aug 09 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2023.07.026· OSTI ID:1996474

^[1]; Borg, Lars E. ^[1]; Cassata, William S. ^[1]; Wimpenny, Josh ^[1];

^[1]; Shearer, Charles K. ^[2];

^[3]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Alkali-suite rocks constitute one of three major suites of lunar crustal rocks. As such, constraining their formation timescales and petrogenesis is important for understanding the earliest magmatic history of the Moon. However, the magmatic history of alkali-suite rocks is partly obscured by superimposed effects of major basin-forming impact events on the lunar nearside. Consequently, unambiguous crystallization ages of samples from this suite of rocks have not been determined. Here, the aim of this study is to better understand the petrogenetic history of the alkali-suite and the potential superimposed effects of impact metamorphism by determining Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages for an alkali anorthosite clast from Apollo 14 lithic breccia 14304 termed clast “b”. The new chronologic measurements of clast “b” yield concordant Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of 3947 ± 13 Ma, 3975 ± 34 Ma, and 3937 ± 37 Ma respectively, resulting in a weighted mean age of 3949 ± 11 Ma. This age is not interpreted to date an igneous event related to production of the lunar highlands crust and instead the chronology and petrography of clast “b” are most readily explained by an impact event at ~3.95 Ga that caused near-complete isotopic re-equilibration of the Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar chronometers. The weighted mean age of 3949 ± 11 Ma of clast “b” is several hundred Ma younger than 4.3–4.4 Ga ages typically determined for samples of other crustal rock suites but in very good agreement with independent estimates for the formation of Imbrium basin ejecta and other marginally older impact events which are thought to have been sampled at the Apollo 14 landing site. Thus, although petrologic and geochemical examination suggest that clast “b” is a pristine igneous clast, its age likely records an impact event at the Apollo 14 landing site. Whereas the various determined ages of clast “b” do not reflect the timescales of alkali-suite magmatism, the relatively low initial Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of clast “b” indicate that its protolith evolved with very low ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd and ⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr that are distinct from estimates for urKREEP but similar to that of lunar plagioclase. This implies that the igneous protolith of clast “b” derived from a plagioclase-dominated KREEP-rich source that must have formed after the formation of the urKREEP source at ~4.35 Ga but well before the impact event recorded by clast “b” at ~3.95 Ga.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; 20-ERD-001; 23-ERD-003; NNH19ZDA001N

OSTI ID:: 1996474

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1995602

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-844335; 1067661

Journal Information:: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 358; ISSN 0016-7037

Publisher:: Elsevier; The Geochemical Society; The Meteoritical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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58 GEOSCIENCES
Geosciences
Lunar Highlands crust
Chronology
Sm-Nd system
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Alkali-suite magmatism
Mare Imbrium
Impact metamorphism

Title: Chronology of alkali anorthosite 14304 clast “b” records basin forming impact at ~3.95 Ga

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