Preliminary study of radio frequency waves in hypervelocity impact plasma

Fereydooni, Kimia; Lee, Nicolas; Elschot, Sigrid

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2023.104667

Preliminary study of radio frequency waves in hypervelocity impact plasma

Journal Article · Thu May 25 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · International Journal of Impact Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2023.104667· OSTI ID:1996215

Fereydooni, Kimia ^[1]; Lee, Nicolas ^[2]; Elschot, Sigrid ^[2]

Stanford University, CA (United States); Stanford University
Stanford University, CA (United States)

Orbital debris and meteoroids can cause mechanical and electrical anomalies by impacting spacecraft. Although mechanical damage tends to occur only from particles with masses >10^–3g, electrical damage can be a result of hypervelocity (> 10 km/s) impacts (HVI) even with smaller particles. In HVI, the projectile speed exceeds the speed of sound in the material and has enough energy to create plasma by ionizing the material near the surface, which can then emit radio frequency (RF) waves. In this paper, we conduct a preliminary study on the characteristics of impact-generated RF emission with the ultimate goal of building an RF predictive model for risk assessment of HVI electrical effects that can damage spacecraft. First, we introduce wavelet analysis as a method for denoising and quantifying the total RF signal energy. An appropriate mother wavelet and the number of decomposition levels are selected using a synthetic signal. Second, the total energy of the RF emission is calculated using Parseval’s theorem. Results suggest that the total RF signal energy is proportional to the energy flux of the impactor. Lastly, spectrograms of the RF emission are analyzed to characterize features that can be used in the future to predict impacts that can cause electrical damage to satellites.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Stanford University, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0022356

OSTI ID:: 1996215

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1999812

Journal Information:: International Journal of Impact Engineering, Journal Name: International Journal of Impact Engineering Vol. 179; ISSN 0734-743X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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