X-ray Tomography Applied to Electrochemical Devices and Electrocatalysis

Lang, Jack T.; Kulkarni, Devashish; Foster, Collin W.; Huang, Ying; Sepe, Mitchell A.; Shimpalee, Sirivatch; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Zenyuk, Iryna V.

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00873

X-ray Tomography Applied to Electrochemical Devices and Electrocatalysis

Journal Article · Mon Aug 14 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Chemical Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00873· OSTI ID:1995025

^[1]; Kulkarni, Devashish ^[2]; Foster, Collin W. ^[3]; ^[2]; Sepe, Mitchell A. ^[4]; Shimpalee, Sirivatch ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[6]

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States
National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States
Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61820, United States
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States

Not Available

View Journal Article

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1995025

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2234055

Journal Information:: Chemical Reviews, Journal Name: Chemical Reviews Journal Issue: 16 Vol. 123; ISSN 0009-2665

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (235)

Resolving the Three-Dimensional Microstructure of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Electrodes using Nanometer-Scale X-ray Computed Tomography Epting, William K.; Gelb, Jeff; Litster, Shawn Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101525	journal	November 2011
In Situ and Operando Characterization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Meyer, Quentin; Zeng, Yachao; Zhao, Chuan Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901900	journal	August 2019
Graded Microporous Layers for Enhanced Capillary‐Driven Liquid Water Removal in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Shrestha, Pranay; Ouellette, David; Lee, Jongmin Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 6, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201901157	journal	August 2019
Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis Schuler, Tobias; Ciccone, Joseph M.; Krentscher, Bernd Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201903216	journal	November 2019
Mapping of Heterogeneous Catalyst Degradation in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Cheng, Lei; Khedekar, Kaustubh; Rezaei Talarposhti, Morteza Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000623	journal	June 2020
Probing Heterogeneous Degradation of Catalyst in PEM Fuel Cells under Realistic Automotive Conditions with Multi‐Modal Techniques Khedekar, Kaustubh; Rezaei Talarposhti, Morteza; Besli, Münir M. Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202101794	journal	July 2021
Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide on Cu/CuO Core/Shell Catalysts Lan, Yangchun; Gai, Chao; Kenis, Paul J. A. ChemElectroChem, Vol. 1, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201402182	journal	August 2014
Comparison of Electrospun Carbon−Carbon Composite and Commercial Felt for Their Activity and Electrolyte Utilization in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries Fetyan, Abdulmonem; Schneider, Jonathan; Schnucklake, Maike ChemElectroChem, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201801128	journal	October 2018
Towards a Local In situ X‐ray Nano Computed Tomography under Realistic Cycling Conditions for Battery Research Su, Zeliang; Nguyen, Tuan‐Tu; Le Bourlot, Christophe Chemistry–Methods, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/cmtd.202100051	journal	January 2022
Investigating Electrode Flooding in a Flowing Electrolyte, Gas‐Fed Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzer Leonard, McLain E.; Clarke, Lauren E.; Forner‐Cuenca, Antoni ChemSusChem, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201902547	journal	December 2019
Synchrotron X‐ray Radiography and Tomography of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries—Cell Design, Electrolyte Flow Geometry, and Gas Bubble Formation Eifert, László; Bevilacqua, Nico; Köble, Kerstin ChemSusChem, Vol. 13, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202000541	journal	June 2020
Carbon Foam Decorated with Silver Nanoparticles for Electrochemical CO ₂ Conversion Ma, Sichao; Liu, Jianfeng; Sasaki, Kazunari Energy Technology, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201600576	journal	January 2017
X-ray Nano Computed Tomography of Electrospun Fibrous Mats as Flow Battery Electrodes Jervis, Rhodri; Kok, Matt D. R.; Montagut, Julian Energy Technology, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201800338	journal	November 2018
X‐Ray‐Computed Radiography and Tomography Study of Electrolyte Invasion and Distribution inside Pristine and Heat‐Treated Carbon Felts for Redox Flow Batteries Gebhard, Marcus; Schnucklake, Maike; Hilger, André Energy Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201901214	journal	November 2019
Effect of Commercial Gas Diffusion Layers on Catalyst Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells in Varied Cathode Gas Environment Khedekar, Kaustubh; Satjaritanun, Pongsarun; Stewart, Sarah Small, Vol. 18, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202201750	journal	July 2022
Cracks as Efficient Tools to Mitigate Flooding in Gas Diffusion Electrodes Used for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Kong, Ying; Liu, Menglong; Hu, Huifang Small Methods, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202200369	journal	July 2022
UNet++: A Nested U-Net Architecture for Medical Image Segmentation Zhou, Zongwei; Rahman Siddiquee, Md Mahfuzur; Tajbakhsh, Nima Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis and Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00889-5_1	book	January 2018
U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation Ronneberger, Olaf; Fischer, Philipp; Brox, Thomas Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2015: 18th International Conference, Munich, Germany, October 5-9, 2015, Proceedings, Part III https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24574-4_28	book	November 2015
3D U-Net: Learning Dense Volumetric Segmentation from Sparse Annotation Çiçek, Özgün; Abdulkadir, Ahmed; Lienkamp, Soeren S. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2016 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46723-8_49	conference	January 2016
Using Machine Learning Algorithms for Water Segmentation in Gas Diffusion Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Shum, Andrew D.; Liu, Christopher P.; Lim, Wei Han Transport in Porous Media, Vol. 144, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-022-01833-0	journal	August 2022
New algorithms for euclidean distance transformation of an n-dimensional digitized picture with applications Saito, Toyofumi; Toriwaki, Jun-Ichiro Pattern Recognition, Vol. 27, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(94)90133-3	journal	November 1994
Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ on single crystal electrodes of silver Ag(111), Ag(100) and Ag(110) Hoshi, Nagahiro; Kato, Makiko; Hori, Yoshio Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 440, Issue 1-2, p. 283-286 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(97)00447-6	journal	December 1997
X-ray micro-tomography an attractive characterisation technique in materials science Salvo, L.; Cloetens, P.; Maire, E. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 200 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01689-0	journal	January 2003
3D neutron computed tomography: requirements and applications Schillinger, Burkhard; Lehmann, Eberhard; Vontobel, Peter Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 276-278 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4526(99)01254-5	journal	March 2000
Economic considerations for hydrogen production with a focus on polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis Badgett, Alex; Ruth, Mark; Pivovar, Bryan Electrochemical Power Sources: Fundamentals, Systems, and Applications, 327-364 https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819424-9.00005-7	book	January 2022
Nano-structured platinum group metal-free catalysts and their integration in fuel cell electrode architectures Serov, Alexey; Shum, Andrew D.; Xiao, Xianghui Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 237 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.08.067	journal	December 2018
Investigation of cathode catalyst layer interfaces evolution during accelerated stress tests for polymer electrolyte fuel cells Perego, Andrea; Avid, Arezoo; Mamania, Divija N. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 301 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120810	journal	February 2022
Elucidating effects of catalyst loadings and porous transport layer morphologies on operation of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers Kulkarni, Devashish; Huynh, Alex; Satjaritanun, Pongsarun Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 308 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121213	journal	July 2022
Mass transfer in fibrous media with varying anisotropy for flow battery electrodes: Direct numerical simulations with 3D X-ray computed tomography Kok, Matthew D. R.; Jervis, Rhodri; Tranter, Tom G. Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2018.10.049	journal	March 2019
Progress toward Commercial Application of Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction Chen, Chi; Khosrowabadi Kotyk, Juliet F.; Sheehan, Stafford W. Chem, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2018.08.019	journal	November 2018
Understanding the gas transport in porous catalyst layers by using digital reconstruction techniques Novák, Vladimír; Dudák, Michal; Kočí, Petr Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2015.07.002	journal	August 2015
New strategies for interrogation of redox flow batteries via Synchrotron radiation Wen, Yue; Jervis, Rhodri Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, Vol. 37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2022.100836	journal	September 2022
Neutron imaging of fuel cells – Recent trends and future prospects Boillat, P.; Lehmann, E. H.; Trtik, P. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2017.07.012	journal	October 2017
Bridging X-ray computed tomography and computational modeling for electrochemical energy-conversion and –storage Zenyuk, Iryna V. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, Vol. 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2018.10.016	journal	February 2019
Redox flow batteries for energy storage: their promise, achievements and challenges Arenas, Luis F.; Ponce de León, Carlos; Walsh, Frank C. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, Vol. 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2019.05.007	journal	August 2019
Developments on carbon dioxide reduction: Their promise, achievements, and challenges Perry, Samuel C.; Leung, Pui-ki; Wang, Ling Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, Vol. 20 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2020.04.014	journal	April 2020
Imaging and image-based fluid transport modeling at the pore scale in geological materials: A practical introduction to the current state-of-the-art Bultreys, Tom; De Boever, Wesley; Cnudde, Veerle Earth-Science Reviews, Vol. 155 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.02.001	journal	April 2016
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions Garland, Nancy L.; Papageorgopoulos, Dimitrios C.; Stanford, Joseph M. Energy Procedia, Vol. 28 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.08.034	journal	January 2012
X-ray micro-tomography as a diagnostic tool for the electrode degradation in vanadium redox flow batteries Trogadas, Panagiotis; Taiwo, Oluwadamilola O.; Tjaden, Bernhard Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 48 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2014.09.010	journal	November 2014
Probing water distribution in compressed fuel-cell gas-diffusion layers using X-ray computed tomography Zenyuk, Iryna V.; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Hwang, Gisuk Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 53 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2015.02.005	journal	April 2015
The cathodic reduction of carbon dioxide—What can it realistically achieve? A mini review Pletcher, Derek Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 61 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2015.10.006	journal	December 2015
Ex-situ visualization of the wet domain in the microporous layer in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell by X-ray computed tomography under water vapor supply Kato, Satoru; Yamaguchi, Satoshi; Yoshimune, Wataru Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 111 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106644	journal	February 2020
Tri-metallic transition metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts derived by sacrificial support method synthesis Serov, Alexey; Robson, Michael H.; Smolnik, Mayat Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 109, p. 433-439 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.104	journal	October 2013
Investigation of Hot Pressed Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Assemblies via X-ray Computed Tomography Meyer, Q.; Mansor, N.; Iacoviello, F. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 242 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.028	journal	July 2017
Investigating Phase‐Change‐Induced Flow in Gas Diffusion Layers in Fuel Cells with X‐ray Computed Tomography Shum, Andrew D.; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Xiao, Xianghui Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 256 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.012	journal	December 2017
Phosphoric Acid Invasion in High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layers Bevilacqua, N.; George, M. G.; Galbiati, S. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.054	journal	December 2017
Operando X-ray tomography and sub-second radiography for characterizing transport in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer Leonard, Emily; Shum, Andrew D.; Normile, Stanley Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 276 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.04.144	journal	June 2018
Use of X-ray computed tomography for understanding localised, along-the-channel degradation of polymer electrolyte fuel cells Hack, Jennifer; Rasha, Lara; Cullen, Patrick L. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 352 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136464	journal	August 2020
Four-dimensional in situ imaging of chemical membrane degradation in fuel cells Ramani, D.; Singh, Y.; White, R. T. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 380 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138194	journal	June 2021
Radiation damage in soft X-ray microscopy Wang, J.; Morin, C.; Li, L. Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 170, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2008.01.002	journal	March 2009
An assessment of the resolution limitation due to radiation-damage in X-ray diffraction microscopy Howells, M. R.; Beetz, T.; Chapman, H. N. Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 170, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2008.10.008	journal	March 2009
Spatially graded porous transport layers for gas evolving electrochemical energy conversion: High performance polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers Lee, Jason K.; Lee, ChungHyuk; Fahy, Kieran F. Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 226 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113545	journal	December 2020
Particle based method and X-ray computed tomography for pore-scale flow characterization in VRFB electrodes Maggiolo, Dario; Zanini, Filippo; Picano, Francesco Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2018.04.021	journal	January 2019
Carbon felt electrodes for redox flow battery: Impact of compression on transport properties Banerjee, Rupak; Bevilacqua, Nico; Mohseninia, Arezou Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 26 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.100997	journal	December 2019
A comprehensive review on PEM water electrolysis Carmo, Marcelo; Fritz, David L.; Mergel, Jürgen International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 38, Issue 12, p. 4901-4934 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.151	journal	April 2013
Two-phase flow in a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer visualized in situ by simultaneous neutron radiography and optical imaging Selamet, O. F.; Pasaogullari, U.; Spernjak, D. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 38, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.02.087	journal	May 2013
In situ diagnostic techniques for characterisation of polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysers – Flow visualisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Dedigama, I.; Angeli, P.; Ayers, K. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.026	journal	March 2014
Influence of limiting throat and flow regime on oxygen bubble saturation of polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer porous transport layers Lee, ChungHyuk; Hinebaugh, James; Banerjee, Rupak International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 42, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.09.114	journal	February 2017
Correlative study of microstructure and performance for porous transport layers in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysers by X-ray computed tomography and electrochemical characterization Majasan, Jude O.; Iacoviello, Francesco; Cho, Jason I. S. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.222	journal	July 2019
4D in situ visualization of mechanical degradation evolution in reinforced fuel cell membranes Ramani, Dilip; Singh, Yadvinder; White, Robin T. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.02.013	journal	March 2020
Building the green hydrogen market – Current state and outlook on green hydrogen demand and electrolyzer manufacturing Wappler, Mona; Unguder, Dilek; Lu, Xing International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 47, Issue 79 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.253	journal	September 2022
Bubble Formation in the Electrolyte Triggers Voltage Instability in CO2 Electrolyzers Lee, ChungHyuk; Zhao, Benzhong; Lee, Jason K. iScience, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101094	journal	May 2020
Observation of Preferential Pathways for Oxygen Removal through Porous Transport Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolyzers Satjaritanun, Pongsarun; O'Brien, Maeve; Kulkarni, Devashish iScience, Vol. 23, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101783	journal	December 2020
The impact of climate targets on future steel production – an analysis based on a global energy system model Morfeldt, Johannes; Nijs, Wouter; Silveira, Semida Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 103 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.045	journal	September 2015
Upscaling and continuous operation of electrochemical CO2 to CO conversion in aqueous solutions on silver gas diffusion electrodes Jeanty, Philippe; Scherer, Christian; Magori, Erhard Journal of CO2 Utilization, Vol. 24 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2018.01.011	journal	March 2018
In situ compression and X-ray computed tomography of flow battery electrodes Jervis, Rhodri; Kok, Matt D. R.; Neville, Tobias P. Journal of Energy Chemistry, Vol. 27, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2018.03.022	journal	September 2018
The impact of the catalyst layer structure on phosphoric acid migration in HT-PEFC – An operando X-ray tomographic microscopy study Halter, J.; Bevilacqua, N.; Zeis, R. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 859 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.113832	journal	February 2020
Impact of synchrotron radiation on fuel cell operation in imaging experiments Schneider, Armin; Wieser, Christian; Roth, Jörg Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.04.032	journal	October 2010
Pore-scale analysis of effects of electrode morphology and electrolyte flow conditions on performance of vanadium redox flow batteries Qiu, Gang; Dennison, C. R.; Knehr, K. W. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 219 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.07.042	journal	December 2012
Comparison of focused ion beam versus nano-scale X-ray computed tomography for resolving 3-D microstructures of porous fuel cell materials Wargo, E. A.; Kotaka, T.; Tabuchi, Y. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 241 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.04.153	journal	November 2013
Multiple imaging mode X-ray computed tomography for distinguishing active and inactive phases in lithium-ion battery cathodes Komini Babu, Siddharth; Mohamed, Alexander I.; Whitacre, Jay F. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 283 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.02.086	journal	June 2015
Gas-diffusion-layer structural properties under compression via X-ray tomography Zenyuk, Iryna V.; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Connolly, Liam G. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 328 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.020	journal	October 2016
4D in situ visualization of electrode morphology changes during accelerated degradation in fuel cells by X-ray computed tomography White, Robin T.; Wu, Alex; Najm, Marina Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 350 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.03.058	journal	May 2017
Improving water management in fuel cells through microporous layer modifications: Fast operando tomographic imaging of liquid water Nagai, Yasutaka; Eller, Jens; Hatanaka, Tatsuya Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 435 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226809	journal	September 2019
Visualization of electrolyte flow in vanadium redox flow batteries using synchrotron X-ray radiography and tomography – Impact of electrolyte species and electrode compression Bevilacqua, Nico; Eifert, László; Banerjee, Rupak Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 439 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227071	journal	November 2019
Understanding the role of the porous electrode microstructure in redox flow battery performance using an experimentally validated 3D pore-scale lattice Boltzmann model Zhang, Duo; Forner-Cuenca, Antoni; Taiwo, Oluwadamilola O. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 447 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227249	journal	January 2020
On the stability of bismuth in modified carbon felt electrodes for vanadium redox flow batteries: An in-operando X-ray computed tomography study Gebhard, Marcus; Tichter, Tim; Schneider, Jonathan Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 478 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228695	journal	December 2020
Studying Pt-based fuel cell electrode degradation with nanoscale X-ray computed tomography Braaten, Jonathan P.; Ogawa, Shohei; Yarlagadda, Venkata Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 478 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229049	journal	December 2020
Investigation of the transient freeze start behavior of polymer electrolyte fuel cells Sabharwal, Mayank; Büchi, Felix N.; Nagashima, Shinya Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 489 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229447	journal	March 2021
Temperature dependent water transport mechanism in gas diffusion layers revealed by subsecond operando X-ray tomographic microscopy Xu, Hong; Nagashima, Shinya; Nguyen, Hai P. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 490 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229492	journal	April 2021
Synchrotron X-Ray radiography of vanadium redox flow batteries – Time and spatial resolved electrolyte flow in porous carbon electrodes Köble, Kerstin; Eifert, László; Bevilacqua, Nico Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 492 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229660	journal	April 2021
Lab-based X-ray micro-computed tomography coupled with machine-learning segmentation to investigate phosphoric acid leaching in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells Bailey, Josh J.; Chen, Jianuo; Hack, Jennifer Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 509 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230347	journal	October 2021
Mitigation of mechanical membrane degradation in fuel cells – Part 2: Bonded membrane electrode assembly Ramani, D.; Khattra, N. S.; Singh, Y. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 512 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230431	journal	November 2021
Mitigation of mechanical membrane degradation in fuel cells – Part 1: Gas diffusion layers with low surface roughness Ramani, D.; Khattra, N. S.; Singh, Y. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 512 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230446	journal	November 2021
4D imaging of chemo-mechanical membrane degradation in polymer electrolyte fuel cells - Part 1: Understanding and evading edge failures Chen, Yixuan; Singh, Yadvinder; Ramani, Dilip Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 520 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230674	journal	February 2022
Mechanistic insights into water transport in polymer electrolyte fuel cells with a variation of cell temperature and relative humidity of inlet gas elucidated by operando synchrotron X-ray radiography Kato, Akihiko; Kato, Satoru; Yamaguchi, Satoshi Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 521 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230951	journal	February 2022
Versatile high energy X-ray transparent electrolysis cell for operando measurements Moss, Asger B.; Hätinen, Joel; Kúš, Peter Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 562 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.232754	journal	April 2023
Developments in X-ray tomography characterization for electrochemical devices Heenan, Thomas M. M.; Tan, Chun; Hack, Jennifer Materials Today, Vol. 31 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2019.05.019	journal	December 2019
Catalysts by pyrolysis: Direct observation of chemical and morphological transformations leading to transition metal-nitrogen-carbon materials Huang, Ying; Chen, Yechuan; Xu, Mingjie Materials Today, Vol. 47 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2021.02.006	journal	July 2021
Catalysts by pyrolysis: Direct observation of transformations during re-pyrolysis of transition metal-nitrogen-carbon materials leading to state-of-the-art platinum group metal-free electrocatalyst Chen, Yechuan; Huang, Ying; Xu, Mingjie Materials Today, Vol. 53 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2022.01.016	journal	March 2022
Direct observations of liquid water formation at nano- and micro-scale in platinum group metal-free electrodes by operando X-ray computed tomography Normile, Stanley J.; Sabarirajan, Dinesh C.; Calzada, Osvaldo Materials Today Energy, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2018.05.011	journal	September 2018
Spectroscopic insights into the nature of active sites in iron–nitrogen–carbon electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in acid Jia, Qingying; Ramaswamy, Nagappan; Tylus, Urszula Nano Energy, Vol. 29 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.03.025	journal	November 2016
The performance and durability of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells enhanced by single-layer graphene Chen, Jianuo; Bailey, Josh J.; Britnell, Liam Nano Energy, Vol. 93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106829	journal	March 2022
Dedicated full-field X-ray imaging beamline at Advanced Photon Source Shen, Qun; Lee, Wah-Keat; Fezzaa, Kamel Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 582, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.08.169	journal	November 2007
X-ray phase-contrast imaging Endrizzi, Marco Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 878 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.07.036	journal	January 2018
Continuous-flow electroreduction of carbon dioxide Endrődi, B.; Bencsik, G.; Darvas, F. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 62 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2017.05.005	journal	September 2017
Porosity estimation method by X-ray computed tomography Taud, H.; Martinez-Angeles, R.; Parrot, J. F. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 47, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2005.03.009	journal	June 2005
X-ray computed tomography: from medical imaging to dimensional metrology Villarraga-Gómez, Herminso; Herazo, Ericka L.; Smith, Stuart T. Precision Engineering, Vol. 60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2019.06.007	journal	November 2019
Image Segmentation Using K -means Clustering Algorithm and Subtractive Clustering Algorithm Dhanachandra, Nameirakpam; Manglem, Khumanthem; Chanu, Yambem Jina Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 54 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.06.090	journal	January 2015
TauFactor: An open-source application for calculating tortuosity factors from tomographic data Cooper, S. J.; Bertei, A.; Shearing, P. R. SoftwareX, Vol. 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2016.09.002	journal	January 2016
Imaging ionomer in fuel cell catalyst layers with synchrotron nano transmission x-ray microscopy Normile, Stanley J.; Zenyuk, Iryna V. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 335 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2019.02.017	journal	July 2019
Synchrotron X-ray Micro Tomography at the Advanced Light Source: In-Situ Sample Environments for Advanced Aerospace Materials Barnard, Harold S.; Macdowell, A. A.; Parkinson, D. Y. Microscopy and Microanalysis, Vol. 24, Issue S2 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927618014472	journal	August 2018
Efficient Aqueous Electroreduction of CO ₂ to Formate at Low Overpotential on Indium Tin Oxide Nanocrystals Jhong, Huei-Ru “Molly”; Nwabara, Uzoma O.; Shubert-Zuleta, Sofia Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 33, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c01649	journal	September 2021
Chemistry of Multitudinous Active Sites for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Transition Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Electrocatalysts Artyushkova, Kateryna; Serov, Alexey; Rojas-Carbonell, Santiago The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 119, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b07653	journal	November 2015
Investigating Evaporation in Gas Diffusion Layers for Fuel Cells with X-ray Computed Tomography Zenyuk, Iryna V.; Lamibrac, Adrien; Eller, Jens The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 120, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10658	journal	December 2016
Operando Synchrotron Imaging of Electrolyte Distribution in Silver-Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes During Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Highly Alkaline Media Paulisch, Melanie Cornelia; Gebhard, Marcus; Franzen, David ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.1c01524	journal	July 2021
Laser Structured Gas Diffusion Layers for Improved Water Transport and Fuel Cell Performance Csoklich, Christoph; Xu, Hong; Marone, Federica ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.1c02454	journal	November 2021
Understanding the Role of Interfaces for Water Management in Platinum Group Metal-Free Electrodes in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Liu, Jiangjin; Talarposhti, Morteza Rezaei; Asset, Tristan ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b00292	journal	April 2019
Investigation of Electrolyte-Dependent Carbonate Formation on Gas Diffusion Electrodes for CO₂ Electrolysis Cofell, Emiliana R.; Nwabara, Uzoma O.; Bhargava, Saket S. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 13, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c21997	journal	March 2021
Operando Liquid Pressure Determination in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Mularczyk, Adrian; Lin, Qingyang; Niblett, Daniel ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 13, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c04560	journal	July 2021
Resolving Electrode Morphology’s Impact on Platinum Group Metal-Free Cathode Performance Using Nano-CT of 3D Hierarchical Pore and Ionomer Distribution Komini Babu, Siddharth; Chung, Hoon T.; Zelenay, Piotr ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b08844	journal	November 2016
In Situ / Operando Studies for Designing Next-Generation Electrocatalysts Zhu, Yanping; Wang, Jiali; Chu, Hang ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c00305	journal	March 2020
Role of the Carbon-Based Gas Diffusion Layer on Flooding in a Gas Diffusion Electrode Cell for Electrochemical CO ₂ Reduction Yang, Kailun; Kas, Recep; Smith, Wilson A. ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02184	journal	November 2020
Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for Carbon Dioxide Reduction: A New Paradigm Higgins, Drew; Hahn, Christopher; Xiang, Chengxiang ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b02035	journal	December 2018
Multilayer Electrolyzer Stack Converts Carbon Dioxide to Gas Products at High Pressure with High Efficiency Endrődi, B.; Kecsenovity, E.; Samu, A. ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01142	journal	June 2019
Experimental Observation of Redox-Induced Fe–N Switching Behavior as a Determinant Role for Oxygen Reduction Activity Jia, Qingying; Ramaswamy, Nagappan; Hafiz, Hasnain ACS Nano, Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b05984	journal	October 2015
Development of Molecular Electrocatalysts for CO₂ Reduction and H₂ Production/Oxidation Rakowski Dubois, M.; Dubois, Daniel L. Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 42, Issue 12, p. 1974-1982 https://doi.org/10.1021/ar900110c	journal	December 2009
On an Easy Way To Prepare Metal–Nitrogen Doped Carbon with Exclusive Presence of MeN ₄ -type Sites Active for the ORR Kramm, Ulrike I.; Herrmann-Geppert, Iris; Behrends, Jan Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b11015	journal	January 2016
A selective and efficient electrocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction Lu, Qi; Rosen, Jonathan; Zhou, Yang Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4242	journal	January 2014
Magnetically aligned graphite electrodes for high-rate performance Li-ion batteries Billaud, Juliette; Bouville, Florian; Magrini, Tommaso Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.97	journal	July 2016
Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis Schindelin, Johannes; Arganda-Carreras, Ignacio; Frise, Erwin Nature Methods, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2019	journal	June 2012
Chemical composition mapping with nanometre resolution by soft X-ray microscopy Shapiro, David A.; Yu, Young-Sang; Tyliszczak, Tolek Nature Photonics, Vol. 8, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.207	journal	September 2014
Phase retrieval and differential phase-contrast imaging with low-brilliance X-ray sources Pfeiffer, Franz; Weitkamp, Timm; Bunk, Oliver Nature Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 4, p. 258-261 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys265	journal	March 2006
Machine-learning-revealed statistics of the particle-carbon/binder detachment in lithium-ion battery cathodes Jiang, Zhisen; Li, Jizhou; Yang, Yang Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16233-5	journal	May 2020
Using operando techniques to understand and design high performance and stable alkaline membrane fuel cells Peng, Xiong; Kulkarni, Devashish; Huang, Ying Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17370-7	journal	July 2020
Artificial neural network approach for multiphase segmentation of battery electrode nano-CT images Su, Zeliang; Decencière, Etienne; Nguyen, Tuan-Tu npj Computational Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-022-00709-7	journal	February 2022
Co-electrolysis of CO2 and glycerol as a pathway to carbon chemicals with improved technoeconomics due to low electricity consumption Verma, Sumit; Lu, Shawn; Kenis, Paul J. A. Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0374-6	journal	April 2019
Post-lithium-ion battery cell production and its compatibility with lithium-ion cell production infrastructure Duffner, Fabian; Kronemeyer, Niklas; Tübke, Jens Nature Energy, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-00748-8	journal	January 2021
Bridging the gap between highly active oxygen reduction reaction catalysts and effective catalyst layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Fan, Jiantao; Chen, Ming; Zhao, Zhiliang Nature Energy, Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-021-00824-7	journal	May 2021
Atomically dispersed iron sites with a nitrogen–carbon coating as highly active and durable oxygen reduction catalysts for fuel cells Liu, Shengwen; Li, Chenzhao; Zachman, Michael J. Nature Energy, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-022-01062-1	journal	July 2022
Challenges in applying highly active Pt-based nanostructured catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions to fuel cell vehicles Kodama, Kensaku; Nagai, Tomoyuki; Kuwaki, Akira Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-00824-w	journal	January 2021
X-ray ptychography Pfeiffer, Franz Nature Photonics, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-017-0072-5	journal	December 2017
ilastik: interactive machine learning for (bio)image analysis Berg, Stuart; Kutra, Dominik; Kroeger, Thorben Nature Methods, Vol. 16, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0582-9	journal	September 2019
Deep denoising for multi-dimensional synchrotron X-ray tomography without high-quality reference data Hendriksen, Allard A.; Bührer, Minna; Leone, Laura Scientific Reports, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91084-8	journal	June 2021
Identification of durable and non-durable FeNx sites in Fe–N–C materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Li, Jingkun; Sougrati, Moulay Tahar; Zitolo, Andrea Nature Catalysis, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-020-00545-2	journal	December 2020
X-ray computed tomography Withers, Philip J.; Bouman, Charles; Carmignato, Simone Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-021-00015-4	journal	February 2021
Degradation of Li/S Battery Electrodes On 3D Current Collectors Studied Using X-ray Phase Contrast Tomography Zielke, L.; Barchasz, C.; Waluś, S. Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10921	journal	June 2015
Chemical imaging of single catalyst particles with scanning μ-XANES-CT and μ-XRF-CT Price, S. W. T.; Ignatyev, K.; Geraki, K. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04488F	journal	January 2015
Carbon nanotube containing Ag catalyst layers for efficient and selective reduction of carbon dioxide Ma, Sichao; Luo, Raymond; Gold, Jake I. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA00427J	journal	January 2016
Comprehensive investigation of novel pore-graded gas diffusion layers for high-performance and cost-effective proton exchange membrane electrolyzers Lettenmeier, P.; Kolb, S.; Sata, N. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EE01240C	journal	January 2017
Platinum group metal-free NiMo hydrogen oxidation catalysts: high performance and durability in alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells Kabir, Sadia; Lemire, Kenneth; Artyushkova, Kateryna Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA08718G	journal	January 2017
Interfacial analysis of a PEM electrolyzer using X-ray computed tomography Leonard, Emily; Shum, Andrew D.; Danilovic, Nemanja Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SE00364A	journal	January 2020
Gas diffusion electrode design for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction Nguyen, Tu N.; Dinh, Cao-Thang Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 49, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS00230E	journal	January 2020
Unraveling two-phase transport in porous transport layer materials for polymer electrolyte water electrolysis De Angelis, Salvatore; Schuler, Tobias; Charalambous, Margarita A. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 9, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TA03379D	journal	January 2021
Correlating the morphological changes to electrochemical performance during carbon corrosion in polymer electrolyte fuel cells Saha, Prantik; Khedekar, Kaustubh; Wang, Hanson Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 10, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TA02666J	journal	January 2022
Synthesis–structure–performance correlation for polyaniline–Me–C non-precious metal cathode catalysts for oxygen reduction in fuel cells Wu, Gang; Johnston, Christina M.; Mack, Nathan H. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm03613g	journal	January 2011
Formation of hydrocarbons in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide at a copper electrode in aqueous solution Hori, Yoshio; Murata, Akira; Takahashi, Ryutaro Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases, Vol. 85, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/f19898502309	journal	January 1989
A new method for the model‐independent assessment of thickness in three‐dimensional images Hildebrand, T.; Rüegsegger, P. Journal of Microscopy, Vol. 185, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2818.1997.1340694.x	journal	January 1997
Holotomography: Quantitative phase tomography with micrometer resolution using hard synchrotron radiation x rays Cloetens, P.; Ludwig, W.; Baruchel, J. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 75, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.125225	journal	November 1999
A high-throughput x-ray microtomography system at the Advanced Photon Source Wang, Yuxin; De Carlo, Francesco; Mancini, Derrick C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 72, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1355270	journal	April 2001
Nanoscale zoom tomography with hard x rays using Kirkpatrick-Baez optics Mokso, R.; Cloetens, P.; Maire, E. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2719653	journal	April 2007
Applications of Hard X‐ray Full‐Field Transmission X‐ray Microscopy at SSRL Liu, Y.; Andrews, J. C.; Meirer, F. THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON X‐RAY MICROSCOPY, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3625377	conference	January 2011
Design, characterization, and performance of a hard x-ray transmission microscope at the National Synchrotron Light Source II 18-ID beamline Coburn, David Scott; Nazaretski, Evgeny; Xu, Weihe Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5088124	journal	May 2019
High-energy x-ray nanotomography introducing an apodization Fresnel zone plate objective lens Takeuchi, Akihisa; Uesugi, Kentaro; Uesugi, Masayuki Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 92, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0020293	journal	February 2021
X-ray phase-contrast imaging: from pre-clinical applications towards clinics Bravin, Alberto; Coan, Paola; Suortti, Pekka Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 58, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/58/1/R1	journal	December 2012
Utilizing k-means clustering to extract bone tumor in CT scan and MRI images Kadhim, Widad Dhahir; Abdoon, Rabab Saadoon Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1591, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1591/1/012010	journal	July 2020
An Improved Watershed Segmentation Algorithm of Medical Tumor Image Lu, Yuting; Jiang, Zhanjun; Zhou, Tao IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 677, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/677/4/042028	journal	December 2019
In situ x-ray computed tomography of zinc–air primary cells during discharge: correlating discharge rate to anode morphology Hack, Jennifer; Patel, Drasti; Bailey, Josh J. Journal of Physics: Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7639/ac3f9a	journal	December 2021
Development of low temperature fuel cell holders for Operando x-ray micro and nano computed tomography to visualize water distribution Kulkarni, Devashish; Normile, Stanley J.; Connolly, Liam G. Journal of Physics: Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/abb783	journal	October 2020
Trainable Weka Segmentation: a machine learning tool for microscopy pixel classification Arganda-Carreras, Ignacio; Kaynig, Verena; Rueden, Curtis Bioinformatics, Vol. 33, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btx180	journal	March 2017
Quantitative x-ray phase nanotomography Diaz, Ana; Trtik, Pavel; Guizar-Sicairos, Manuel Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.020104	journal	January 2012
Three-dimensional imaging of chemical phase transformations at the nanoscale with full-field transmission X-ray microscopy Meirer, Florian; Cabana, Jordi; Liu, Yijin Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049511019364	journal	July 2011
Interlaced X-ray diffraction computed tomography Vamvakeros, Antonios; Jacques, Simon D. M.; Di Michiel, Marco Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 49, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S160057671600131X	journal	March 2016
ID16B: a hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline at the ESRF for nano-analysis Martínez-Criado, Gema; Villanova, Julie; Tucoulou, Rémi Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577515019839	journal	January 2016
Integration of TomoPy and the ASTRA toolbox for advanced processing and reconstruction of tomographic synchrotron data Pelt, Daniël M.; Gürsoy, Dogˇa; Palenstijn, Willem Jan Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 23, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577516005658	journal	April 2016
High-numerical-aperture macroscope optics for time-resolved experiments Bührer, Minna; Stampanoni, Marco; Rochet, Xavier Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 26, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577519004119	journal	May 2019
A phase-retrieval toolbox for X-ray holography and tomography Lohse, Leon M.; Robisch, Anna-Lena; Töpperwien, Mareike Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 27, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577520002398	journal	April 2020
Watersheds in digital spaces: an efficient algorithm based on immersion simulations Vincent, L.; Soille, P. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 13, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/34.87344	journal	June 1991
Segmentation of CT Brain Images Using K-Means and EM Clustering Lee, Tong Hau; Fauzi, Mohammad Faizal Ahmad; Komiya, Ryoichi 2008 Fifth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2008.17	conference	August 2008
Model-based iterative reconstruction for synchrotron X-ray tomography Mohan, K. Aditya; Venkatakrishnan, S. V.; Drummy, Lawrence F. ICASSP 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2014.6854939	conference	May 2014
Fast Tomographic Reconstruction From Limited Data Using Artificial Neural Networks Pelt, Daniel Maria; Batenburg, Kees Joost IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 22, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2013.2283142	journal	December 2013
An estimation/correction algorithm for detecting bone edges in CT images Yao, W.; Abolmaesumi, P.; Greenspan, M. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 24, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2005.850541	journal	August 2005
Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction for Dual-Energy X-Ray CT Using a Joint Quadratic Likelihood Model Zhang, Ruoqiao; Thibault, Jean-Baptiste; Bouman, Charles A. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 33, Issue 1, p. 117-134 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2013.2282370	journal	January 2014
A Computational Approach to Edge Detection Canny, John IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. PAMI-8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.1986.4767851	journal	November 1986
Graded multilayers for figured Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors on the new ESRF end station ID16A Morawe, Ch.; Barrett, R.; Cloetens, P. SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2189279	conference	August 2015
Developments in synchrotron x-ray micro-tomography for in-situ materials analysis at the Advanced Light Source Barnard, Harold S.; MacDowell, A. A.; Parkinson, D. Y. SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238305	conference	October 2016
High-energy cryo x-ray nano-imaging at the ID16A beamline of ESRF da Silva, Julio C.; Pacureanu, Alexandra; Yang, Yang X-Ray Nanoimaging: Instruments and Methods III https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2275739	conference	September 2017
Mechanical design of a flexural nanopositioning stage system for hard x-ray nanofocusing at the Advanced Photon Source 32-ID-C station Shu, Deming; De Andrade, Vincent; Anton, Jayson X-Ray Nanoimaging: Instruments and Methods IV https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529384	conference	September 2019
Instrumentation and method developments of x-ray ptychography at the Advanced Photon Source Deng, Junjing; Yao, Yudong; Jiang, Yi X-Ray Nanoimaging: Instruments and Methods IV https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529805	conference	September 2019
Developments in synchrotron x-ray computed microtomography at the National Synchrotron Light Source Dowd, Betsy A.; Campbell, Graham H.; Marr, Robert B. SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363725	conference	September 1999
X-ray micro-tomography at the Advanced Light Source MacDowell, A. A.; Parkinson, D. Y.; Haboub, A. SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.930243	conference	October 2012
An outlook on x-ray CT research and development: CT outlook Wang, Ge; Yu, Hengyong; De Man, Bruno Medical Physics, Vol. 35, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2836950	journal	February 2008
Ionic Liquid-Mediated Selective Conversion of CO₂ to CO at Low Overpotentials Rosen, B. A.; Salehi-Khojin, A.; Thorson, M. R. Science, Vol. 334, Issue 6056, p. 643-644 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1209786	journal	September 2011
CO ₂ electroreduction to ethylene via hydroxide-mediated copper catalysis at an abrupt interface Dinh, Cao-Thang; Burdyny, Thomas; Kibria, Md Golam Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6390 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aas9100	journal	May 2018
Dynamics of particle network in composite battery cathodes Li, Jizhou; Sharma, Nikhil; Jiang, Zhisen Science, Vol. 376, Issue 6592 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm8962	journal	April 2022
Modeling Hierarchical Non-Precious Metal Catalyst Cathodes for PEFCs Using Multi-Scale X-ray CT Imaging Komini Babu, S.; Chung, H. T.; Wu, G. ECS Transactions, Vol. 64, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/06403.0281ecst	journal	August 2014
In-Operando Neutron Radiography Studies of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyzers Hoeh, Michael Andreas; Arlt, Tobias; Kardjilov, Nikolay ECS Transactions, Vol. 69, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1149/06917.1135ecst	journal	September 2015
Electrochemically Active Surface Area Savinell, R. F. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 137, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2086468	journal	January 1990
Progress in In Situ X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy of Liquid Water in Gas Diffusion Layers of PEFC Eller, Jens; Rosén, Tomas; Marone, Federica Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 158, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3596556	journal	January 2011
Catalyst Layer Analysis: Nanoscale X-ray CT, Spatially-Resolved In Situ Microscale Diagnostics, and Modeling Litster, Shawn; Hess, Katherine; Epting, William ECS Transactions, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3635575	journal	October 2011
Investigating Liquid Water Transport in Different Pore Structure of Gas Diffusion Layers for PEMFC Using Lattice Boltzmann Method Sepe, M.; Satjaritanun, P.; Hirano, S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab9d13	journal	January 2020
Analysis of Ionomer Distribution and Pt/C Agglomerate Size in Catalyst Layers by Two-Stage Ion-Beam Processing Suzuki, Takahiro; Okada, Shinya; Tsushima, Shohji Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abad6a	journal	January 2020
Four-Dimensional Identical-Location X-ray Imaging of Fuel Cell Degradation during Start-Up/Shut-Down Cycling Stoll, Jonas; Orfino, Francesco P.; Dutta, Monica Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 168, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abe56b	journal	February 2021
Mitigation of Mechanical Membrane Degradation in Fuel Cells by Controlling Electrode Morphology: A 4D In Situ Structural Characterization Singh, Yadvinder; White, Robin T.; Najm, Marina Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 168, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abef87	journal	March 2021
Effects of Gas Diffusion Layer Substrates on PEFC Water Management: Part I. Operando Liquid Water Saturation and Gas Diffusion Properties Xu, Hong; Bührer, Minna; Marone, Federica Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 168, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac1035	journal	July 2021
The Impact of Micro Porous Layer on Liquid Water Evolution inside PEMFC using Lattice Boltzmann Method Sepe, M.; Satjaritanun, P.; Zenyuk, I. V. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 168, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac154e	journal	July 2021
Understanding the Effect of Feed Gas Humidity on the Freeze Start Behavior of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Sabharwal, Mayank; Charalambous, Margarita; Dörenkamp, Tim Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 168, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac37ed	journal	November 2021
Development of a Modular Operando Cell for X-ray Imaging of Strongly Absorbing Silver-Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes Hoffmann, Hendrik; Paulisch, Melanie Cornelia; Gebhard, Marcus Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 169, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac6220	journal	April 2022
Multi-Scale Multi-Technique Characterization Approach for Analysis of PEM Electrolyzer Catalyst Layer Degradation Zaccarine, Sarah F.; Shviro, Meital; Weker, Johanna Nelson Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 169, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac7258	journal	June 2022
A Structure and Durability Comparison of Membrane Electrode Assembly Fabrication Methods: Self-Assembled Versus Hot-Pressed Hack, Jennifer; Heenan, T. M. M.; Iacoviello, F. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0051806jes	journal	January 2018
Correlative X-ray Tomographic Imaging of Catalyst Layer Degradation in Fuel Cells White, Robin T.; Ramani, Dilip; Eberhardt, Sebastian Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0121913jes	journal	January 2019
Fundamental Understanding of Water Movement in Gas Diffusion Layer under Different Arrangements Using Combination of Direct Modeling and Experimental Visualization Satjaritanun, P.; Hirano, S.; Shum, A. D. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0201814jes	journal	January 2018
Calculating the Electrochemically Active Surface Area of Iridium Oxide in Operating Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers Zhao, Shuai; Yu, Haoran; Maric, Radenka Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0211512jes	journal	January 2015
Micro-Scale Analysis of Liquid Water Breakthrough inside Gas Diffusion Layer for PEMFC Using X-ray Computed Tomography and Lattice Boltzmann Method Satjaritanun, P.; Weidner, J. W.; Hirano, S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0391711jes	journal	January 2017
Effects of Synchrotron Radiation on Fuel Cell Materials Roth, Joerg; Eller, Jens; Büchi, Felix N. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.042208jes	journal	January 2012
Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis: Correlating Porous Transport Layer Structural Properties and Performance: Part I. Tomographic Analysis of Morphology and Topology Schuler, Tobias; De Bruycker, Ruben; Schmidt, Thomas J. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0561904jes	journal	January 2019
Agglomerates in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Electrodes: Part I. Structural Characterization Cetinbas, Firat C.; Ahluwalia, Rajesh K.; Kariuki, Nancy N. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0571813jes	journal	January 2018
Communication—Neutron Radiography of the Water/Gas Distribution in the Porous Layers of an Operating Electrolyser Seweryn, Jakub; Biesdorf, Johannes; Schmidt, Thomas J. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0641607jes	journal	January 2016
A Critical Review of Modeling Transport Phenomena in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells Weber, Adam Z.; Borup, Rodney L.; Darling, Robert M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0751412jes	journal	January 2014
Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis: Correlating Performance and Porous Transport Layer Structure: Part II. Electrochemical Performance Analysis Schuler, Tobias; Schmidt, Thomas J.; Büchi, Felix N. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1241908jes	journal	January 2019
PEM Electrolysis, a Forerunner for Clean Hydrogen Ayers, Katherine; Danilovic, Nemanja; Harrison, Kevin The Electrochemical Society Interface, Vol. 30, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.F16214IF	journal	December 2021
Structural Analysis of the Catalyst Layer and the Electrode Structure Using X-ray Tomography Kenis, Paul J.; Jhong, Molly; Brushett, Fikile ECS Meeting Abstracts, Vol. MA2011-01, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2011-01/11/632	journal	March 2011
Catalyst Layer Analysis: Nanoscale X-ray CT, Spatially-Resolved In Situ Microscale Diagnostics, and Modeling Litster, Shawn; Hess, Katherine; Epting, William ECS Meeting Abstracts, Vol. MA2011-02, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2011-02/16/822	journal	August 2011
Towards Ultra-Fast X-ray Tomographic Microscopy of Liquid Water in PEFC Eller, Jens; Roth, Joerg; Marone, Federica ECS Meeting Abstracts, Vol. MA2011-02, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2011-02/16/983	journal	August 2011
Operando Sub-Second Tomographic Imaging of Water in PEFC Gas Diffusion Layers Eller, Jens; Marone, Federica; Büchi, Felix N. ECS Meeting Abstracts, Vol. MA2015-02, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2015-02/37/1359	journal	July 2015
(Invited) Exploring Sub-Second and Sub-Micron X-Ray Tomographic Imaging of Liquid Water in PEFC Gas Diffusion Layers Xu, Hong; Marone, Federica; Nagashima, Shinya ECS Meeting Abstracts, Vol. MA2019-02, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2019-02/32/1406	journal	September 2019
Quantitative X-ray tomography Maire, E.; Withers, P. J. International Materials Reviews, Vol. 59, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1179/1743280413Y.0000000023	journal	December 2013
Towards on-the-fly data post-processing for real-time tomographic imaging at TOMCAT Marone, Federica; Studer, Alain; Billich, Heiner Advanced Structural and Chemical Imaging, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40679-016-0035-9	journal	January 2017
Production of Methane and Ethylene in Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide at Copper Electrode in Aqueous Hydrogencarbonate Solution Hori, Yoshio; Kikuchi, Katsuhei; Murata, Akira Chemistry Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1246/cl.1986.897	journal	June 1986
Implementation of a fast method for high resolution phase contrast tomography Groso, A.; Abela, R.; Stampanoni, M. Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.008103	journal	January 2006
Phase retrieval in X-ray phase-contrast imaging suitable for tomography Burvall, Anna; Lundström, Ulf; Takman, Per A. C. Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.010359	journal	January 2011
Single-distance phase retrieval at large phase shifts Moosmann, Julian; Hofmann, Ralf; Baumbach, Tilo Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.012066	journal	January 2011
Comparison of quantitative multi-material phase-retrieval algorithms in propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray tomography Häggmark, Ilian; Vågberg, William; Hertz, Hans M. Optics Express, Vol. 25, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.033543	journal	January 2017
Evaluation of phase retrieval approaches in magnified X-ray phase nano computerized tomography applied to bone tissue Yu, Boliang; Weber, Loriane; Pacureanu, Alexandra Optics Express, Vol. 26, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.011110	journal	January 2018
Data processing methods and data acquisition for samples larger than the field of view in parallel-beam tomography Vo, Nghia T.; Atwood, Robert C.; Drakopoulos, Michael Optics Express, Vol. 29, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.418448	journal	May 2021
X-ray phase imaging with a grating interferometer Weitkamp, Timm; Diaz, Ana; David, Christian Optics Express, Vol. 13, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.13.006296	journal	January 2005
X-ray computed tomography in Zernike phase contrast mode at 8 keV with 50-nm resolution using Cu rotating anode X-ray source Tkachuk, Andrei; Duewer, Fred; Cui, Hongtao Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, Vol. 222, Issue 11/2007 https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.2007.222.11.650	journal	January 2007
Validation of watershed-based segmentation of the cartilage surface from sequential CT arthrography scans Hall, Mary E.; Black, Marianne S.; Gold, Garry E. Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.21037/qims-20-1062	journal	January 2022
Radiographic Techniques, Contrast, and Noise in X-Ray Imaging Huda, Walter; Abrahams, R. Brad American Journal of Roentgenology, Vol. 204, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.14.13116	journal	February 2015
Improving CT Image Tumor Segmentation Through Deep Supervision and Attentional Gates Turečková, Alžběta; Tureček, Tomáš; Komínková Oplatková, Zuzana Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2020.00106	journal	August 2020
Development of an Array of Compound Refractive Lenses for Sub-Pixel Resolution, Large Field of View, and Time-Saving in Scanning Hard X-ray Microscopy Mamyrbayev, Talgat; Opolka, Alexander; Ershov, Alexey Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/app10124132	journal	June 2020
Decarbonization of the Iron and Steel Industry with Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Green Hydrogen Bhaskar, Abhinav; Assadi, Mohsen; Nikpey Somehsaraei, Homam Energies, Vol. 13, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030758	journal	February 2020
Validation of Deep Learning Segmentation of CT Images of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Badran, Aly; Parkinson, Dula; Ushizima, Daniela Journal of Composites Science, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs6020060	journal	February 2022
Operando Laboratory X-Ray Imaging of Silver-Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes during Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Highly Alkaline Media Paulisch, Melanie Cornelia; Gebhard, Marcus; Franzen, David Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12172686	journal	August 2019
Attention U-Net: Learning Where to Look for the Pancreas Oktay, Ozan; Schlemper, Jo; Folgoc, Loic Le arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03999	preprint	January 2018

Similar Records

4D nano-tomography of electrochemical energy devices using lab-based X-ray imaging

Journal Article · Fri Mar 02 19:00:00 EST 2018 · Nano Energy · OSTI ID:1432607

High energy x-ray scattering tomography applied to bone.

Journal Article · Thu Jan 31 23:00:00 EST 2008 · J. Struct. Biol. · OSTI ID:924385

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
X-rays
catalysts
fuel cells
imaging
materials

X-ray Tomography Applied to Electrochemical Devices and Electrocatalysis

Citation Formats

References (235)

Similar Records

Related Subjects