Helium bubble size effects on the surface morphological response of plasma-facing tungsten

Patel, Omeet N.; Dasgupta, Dwaipayan; Wirth, Brian D.; Maroudas, Dimitrios

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ace67e

Helium bubble size effects on the surface morphological response of plasma-facing tungsten

Journal Article · Tue Jul 25 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Materials Research Express (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ace67e· OSTI ID:1992401

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Abstract

We report a simulation study on the effects of helium (He) bubble size on the morphological evolution and pattern formation on the surface of tungsten used as a plasma-facing component (PFC) in nuclear fusion devices. We have carried out a systematic investigation based on self-consistent dynamical simulations of surface morphological evolution according to an atomistically-informed, 3D continuum-scale model that captures well the relevant length and time scales of surface nanostructure formation in PFC tungsten. The model accounts for PFC surface diffusion, driven by the biaxial compressive stress originating from the over-pressurized He bubbles in the near-surface region of PFC tungsten as a result of He plasma exposure, combined with the formation of self-interstitial atoms in tungsten that diffuse toward the PFC surface and the flux of surface adatoms generated as a result of surface vacancy-adatom pair formation upon He implantation; this transport of surface adatoms contributes to the anisotropic growth of surface nanostructural features due to the different rates of adatom diffusion along and across step edges of islands on the tungsten surface. Our detailed analysis reveals that varying the average He bubble size plays an important role in the PFC surface growth kinetics as well as the resulting surface topography. Specifically, we find that an increase in the He bubble size leads to a deceleration in the growth rate of the tungsten nanotendrils that emanate from the PFC surface. We also find that the separation distance between the resulting surface features increases with increasing He bubble size, as well as over time. This coarsening effect is a thermally activated process resulting in an accurate description of the temperature dependence of the average surface feature separation by an Arrhenius relation.

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Research Organization:: University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR). Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006661; SC0018421

OSTI ID:: 1992401

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1989269
OSTI ID: 1993932

Journal Information:: Materials Research Express (Online), Journal Name: Materials Research Express (Online) Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 10; ISSN 2053-1591

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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