Dark Exciton in 2D Hybrid Halide Perovskite Films Revealed by Magneto-Photoluminescence at High Magnetic Field

Zhang, Chuang; Jiang, Xiaomei; Sercel, Peter C.; Lu, Haipeng; Beard, Matthew C.; McGill, Stephen; Semenov, Dmitry; Vardeny, Z. Valy

doi:10.1002/adom.202300436

Dark Exciton in 2D Hybrid Halide Perovskite Films Revealed by Magneto-Photoluminescence at High Magnetic Field

Journal Article · Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Advanced Optical Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202300436· OSTI ID:1992033

Zhang, Chuang ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Lu, Haipeng ^[4]; ^[5]; McGill, Stephen ^[6]; Semenov, Dmitry ^[6]; ^[7]

Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
Univ. of South Florida, Tampa, FL (United States)
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy (CHOISE)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) (Hong Kong)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). National High Magnetic Field Lab. (MagLab)
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

Here, a comprehensive study of the exciton fine structure (EFS) is presented in 2D-phenethylammonium lead iodide films using magnetic field-induced polarization of photoluminescence (PL) in both Faraday and Voigt configurations at fields up to 25 Tesla. Three exciton bands are identified in the PL spectrum associated with bound, dark, and bright excitons, respectively. Under a high magnetic field in Faraday/Voigt configuration, large field-induced circular/linear polarization is observed in the PL band related to the dark exciton, which is magnetically activated. Furthermore, it is found that the dark exciton has an anomalous field-induced circular polarization, which cannot be explained by the classical Boltzmann distribution of spin-polarized species. These findings are well explained by an effective mass model that includes exchange terms unique to the monoclinic symmetry as a perturbation of the EFS in the approximate tetragonal symmetry. It is also confirmed that the field-induced linear polarization is sensitive to the monoclinic exchange term, whereas the field-induced circular polarization is immune to such term.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; SC0014579

OSTI ID:: 1992033

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5900-83640; MainId:84413; UUID:bc3b33da-bb07-4af4-993e-5453276153f3; MainAdminID:69992

Journal Information:: Advanced Optical Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Optical Materials Journal Issue: 18 Vol. 11; ISSN 2195-1071

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (50)

Unravelling Light-Induced Degradation of Layered Perovskite Crystals and Design of Efficient Encapsulation for Improved Photostability Fang, Hong-Hua; Yang, Jie; Tao, Shuxia Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201800305	journal	April 2018
Band‐Edge Exciton Fine Structure and Exciton Recombination Dynamics in Single Crystals of Layered Hybrid Perovskites Fang, Hong‐Hua; Yang, Jie; Adjokatse, Sampson Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201907979	journal	December 2019
Photophysics of Two‐Dimensional Perovskites – Learning from Metal Halide Substitution Kahmann, Simon; Duim, Herman; Fang, Hong‐Hua Advanced Functional Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202103778	journal	August 2021
Perovskite Materials for Light-Emitting Diodes and Lasers Veldhuis, Sjoerd A.; Boix, Pablo P.; Yantara, Natalia Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600669	journal	May 2016
Grain Boundary Enhanced Photoluminescence Anisotropy in Two‐Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Films Wang, Min; Tang, Ji; Wang, Hong Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201901780	journal	February 2020
Understanding Quantum Confinement of Charge Carriers in Layered 2D Hybrid Perovskites Even, Jacky; Pedesseau, Laurent; Katan, Claudine ChemPhysChem, Vol. 15, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201402428	journal	September 2014
Spin‐Flip Raman Scattering on Electrons and Holes in Two‐Dimensional (PEA) ₂ PbI ₄ Perovskites Harkort, Carolin; Kudlacik, Dennis; Kopteva, Natalia E. Small https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202300988	journal	April 2023
Multiple-phonon scattering near the direct absorption edge in 2H-PbI2 Goto, T.; Nishina, Y. Solid State Communications, Vol. 31, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(79)90558-1	journal	August 1979
White-Light Emission from Layered Halide Perovskites Smith, Matthew D.; Karunadasa, Hemamala I. Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 51, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00433	journal	February 2018
Ruddlesden–Popper Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskite 2D Homologous Semiconductors Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Cao, Duyen H.; Clark, Daniel J. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 8, p. 2852-2867 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00847	journal	April 2016
Physical Principles of Circular Dichroism Andrews, Steven S.; Tretton, James Journal of Chemical Education, Vol. 97, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c01061	journal	November 2020
Revealing Excitonic Phonon Coupling in (PEA) ₂ (MA) _{n −1} Pb _n I _{3 n +1} 2D Layered Perovskites Urban, Joanna M.; Chehade, Gabriel; Dyksik, Mateusz The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01714	journal	June 2020
Tuning the Excitonic Properties of the 2D (PEA) ₂ (MA) _{n −1} Pb _n I _{3 n +1} Perovskite Family via Quantum Confinement Dyksik, Mateusz; Wang, Shuli; Paritmongkol, Watcharaphol The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03731	journal	February 2021
Bright Exciton Fine-Structure in Two-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites Do, T. Thu Ha; Granados del Águila, Andrés; Zhang, Dong Nano Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01364	journal	May 2020
Coherent Spin Dynamics of Electrons in Two-Dimensional (PEA)₂PbI₄ Perovskites Kirstein, Erik; Zhukov, Evgeny A.; Yakovlev, Dmitri R. Nano Letters, Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03975	journal	December 2022
Ultralow Self-Doping in Two-dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Single Crystals Peng, Wei; Yin, Jun; Ho, Kang-Ting Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01475	journal	June 2017
Exciton Fine Structure in Perovskite Nanocrystals Sercel, Peter C.; Lyons, John L.; Wickramaratne, Darshana Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01467	journal	April 2019
Inhomogeneous Broadening of Photoluminescence Spectra and Kinetics of Nanometer-Thick (Phenethylammonium)₂PbI₄ Perovskite Thin Films: Implications for Optoelectronics Chirvony, Vladimir S.; Suárez, Isaac; Rodríguez-Romero, Jesús ACS Applied Nano Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.1c00984	journal	June 2021
Broad Tunability of Carrier Effective Masses in Two-Dimensional Halide Perovskites Dyksik, Mateusz; Duim, Herman; Zhu, Xiangzhou ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01758	journal	October 2020
Tailoring Hot Exciton Dynamics in 2D Hybrid Perovskites through Cation Modification Straus, Daniel B.; Hurtado Parra, Sebastian; Iotov, Natasha ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c00037	journal	March 2020
Preparation and characterization of layered lead halide compounds Calabrese, J.; Jones, N. L.; Harlow, R. L. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 113, Issue 6, p. 2328-2330 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00006a076	journal	March 1991
Direct Observation of Electron–Phonon Coupling and Slow Vibrational Relaxation in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites Straus, Daniel B.; Hurtado Parra, Sebastian; Iotov, Natasha Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b08175	journal	October 2016
High-efficiency two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite solar cells Tsai, Hsinhan; Nie, Wanyi; Blancon, Jean-Christophe Nature, Vol. 536, Issue 7616 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18306	journal	July 2016
Perovskite energy funnels for efficient light-emitting diodes Yuan, Mingjian; Quan, Li Na; Comin, Riccardo Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.110	journal	June 2016
Perovskite light-emitting diodes based on solution-processed self-organized multiple quantum wells Wang, Nana; Cheng, Lu; Ge, Rui Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2016.185	journal	September 2016
Colour selective control of terahertz radiation using two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic lead-trihalide perovskites Chanana, Ashish; Zhai, Yaxin; Baniya, Sangita Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01517-0	journal	November 2017
Scaling law for excitons in 2D perovskite quantum wells Blancon, J. -C.; Stier, A. V.; Tsai, H. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04659-x	journal	June 2018
Circular photogalvanic spectroscopy of Rashba splitting in 2D hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite multiple quantum wells Liu, Xiaojie; Chanana, Ashish; Huynh, Uyen Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14073-6	journal	January 2020
Extrinsic nature of the broad photoluminescence in lead iodide-based Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites Kahmann, Simon; Tekelenburg, Eelco K.; Duim, Herman Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15970-x	journal	May 2020
Manganese doping for enhanced magnetic brightening and circular polarization control of dark excitons in paramagnetic layered hybrid metal-halide perovskites Neumann, Timo; Feldmann, Sascha; Moser, Philipp Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23602-1	journal	June 2021
Transient quantum beatings of trions in hybrid organic tri-iodine perovskite single crystal Huynh, Uyen N.; Liu, Ye; Chanana, Ashish Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29053-6	journal	March 2022
Phonon coherences reveal the polaronic character of excitons in two-dimensional lead halide perovskites Thouin, Félix; Valverde-Chávez, David A.; Quarti, Claudio Nature Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0262-7	journal	January 2019
Fast growth of monocrystalline thin films of 2D layered hybrid perovskite Lédée, Ferdinand; Trippé-Allard, Gaëlle; Diab, Hiba CrystEngComm, Vol. 19, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CE00240H	journal	January 2017
Unique characteristics of 2D Ruddlesden–Popper (2DRP) perovskite for future photovoltaic application Zheng, Yiting; Niu, Tingting; Ran, Xueqin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA03217G	journal	January 2019
Rashba exciton in a 2D perovskite quantum dot Swift, Michael W.; Lyons, John L.; Efros, Alexander L. Nanoscale, Vol. 13, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR04884H	journal	January 2021
On the optical anisotropy in 2D metal-halide perovskites Steger, Mark; Janke, Svenja M.; Sercel, Peter C. Nanoscale, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR06899G	journal	January 2022
Characterization of electronic transitions in complex molecules Kasha, Michael Discussions of the Faraday Society, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/df9500900014	journal	January 1950
Quasicubic model for metal halide perovskite nanocrystals Sercel, Peter C.; Lyons, John L.; Bernstein, Noam The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 151, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127528	journal	December 2019
Magneto-electroluminescence response in 2D and 3D hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite light emitting diodes Pan, Xin; Liu, Haoliang; Huynh, Uyen The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 152, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5132982	journal	January 2020
Direct and indirect exciton transitions in two-dimensional lead halide perovskite semiconductors Do, T. Thu Ha; Granados del Águila, Andrés; Xing, Jun The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 153, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0012307	journal	August 2020
Photoemission of spin-polarized electrons from GaAs Pierce, Daniel T.; Meier, Felix Physical Review B, Vol. 13, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.13.5484	journal	June 1976
Exciton spectra and anisotropic Zeeman effect in PbI 2 at high magnetic fields up to 40 T Nagamune, Y.; Takeyama, S.; Miura, N. Physical Review B, Vol. 43, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.43.12401	journal	May 1991
Magneto-optical study on excitonic spectra in ( C 6 H 13 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 Kataoka, Takeshi; Kondo, Takashi; Ito, Ryoichi Physical Review B, Vol. 47, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.47.2010	journal	January 1993
Huge exchange energy and fine structure of excitons in an organic-inorganic quantum well material Ema, K.; Umeda, K.; Toda, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 73, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.73.241310	journal	June 2006
Field-induced spin splitting and anomalous photoluminescence circular polarization in C H 3 N H 3 Pb I 3 films at high magnetic field Zhang, Chuang; Sun, Dali; Yu, Zhi-Gang Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.134412	journal	April 2018
Exciton-polaron spectral structures in two-dimensional hybrid lead-halide perovskites Neutzner, Stefanie; Thouin, Félix; Cortecchia, Daniele Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.064605	journal	June 2018
Giant Rashba splitting in 2D organic-inorganic halide perovskites measured by transient spectroscopies Zhai, Yaxin; Baniya, Sangita; Zhang, Chuang Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700704	journal	July 2017
Brightening of dark excitons in 2D perovskites Dyksik, Mateusz; Duim, Herman; Maude, Duncan K. Science Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abk0904	journal	November 2021
Extremely efficient internal exciton dissociation through edge states in layered 2D perovskites Blancon, J. -C.; Tsai, H.; Nie, W. Science, Vol. 355, Issue 6331 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal4211	journal	March 2017
Electronic and Excitonic Structures of Inorganic–Organic Perovskite-Type Quantum-Well Crystal (C ₄ H ₉ NH ₃ ) ₂ PbBr ₄ Tanaka, Kenichiro; Takahashi, Takayuki; Kondo, Takashi Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.44.5923	journal	August 2005

Figures / Tables (6)

Similar Records

Interplay of Bright Triplet and Dark Excitons Revealed by Magneto‐Photoluminescence of Individual PbS/CdS Quantum Dots

Journal Article · Mon Mar 08 23:00:00 EST 2021 · Small · OSTI ID:1804775

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
2D hybrid halide perovskite
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
Rashba splitting
dark excitons
field induced circular/linear polarization
high magnetic field
hybrid semiconductors
magneto-photoluminescence
optical polarization
quantum confinement

Dark Exciton in 2D Hybrid Halide Perovskite Films Revealed by Magneto-Photoluminescence at High Magnetic Field

Citation Formats

References (50)

Figures / Tables (6)

Similar Records

Related Subjects