CALCIUM‐DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE32 regulates cellulose biosynthesis through post‐translational modification of cellulose synthase

Xin, Xiaoran; Wei, Donghui; Lei, Lei; Zheng, Haiyan; Wallace, Ian S.; Li, Shundai; Gu, Ying

doi:10.1111/nph.19106

Title: CALCIUM‐DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE32 regulates cellulose biosynthesis through post‐translational modification of cellulose synthase

Journal Article · Mon Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · New Phytologist

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19106· OSTI ID:1989245

Xin, Xiaoran ^[1]; Wei, Donghui ^[1]; Lei, Lei ^[1]; Zheng, Haiyan ^[2]; Wallace, Ian S. ^[3]; Li, Shundai ^[1];

^[1]

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine Rutgers University Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nevada Reno NV 89557 USA

Summary Cellulose is an essential component of plant cell walls and an economically important source of food, paper, textiles, and biofuel. Despite its economic and biological significance, the regulation of cellulose biosynthesis is poorly understood. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of cellulose synthases (CESAs) were shown to impact the direction and velocity of cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs). However, the protein kinases that phosphorylate CESAs are largely unknown. We conducted research in Arabidopsis thaliana to reveal protein kinases that phosphorylate CESAs. In this study, we used yeast two‐hybrid, protein biochemistry, genetics, and live‐cell imaging to reveal the role of calcium‐dependent protein kinase32 (CPK32) in the regulation of cellulose biosynthesis in A. thaliana . We identified CPK32 using CESA3 as a bait in a yeast two‐hybrid assay. We showed that CPK32 phosphorylates CESA3 while it interacts with both CESA1 and CESA3. Overexpressing functionally defective CPK32 variant and phospho‐dead mutation of CESA3 led to decreased motility of CSCs and reduced crystalline cellulose content in etiolated seedlings. Deregulation of CPKs impacted the stability of CSCs. We uncovered a new function of CPKs that regulates cellulose biosynthesis and a novel mechanism by which phosphorylation regulates the stability of CSCs.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐SC0001090

OSTI ID:: 1989245

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1989246

Journal Information:: New Phytologist, Journal Name: New Phytologist; ISSN 0028-646X

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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