Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption

Powell, Siobhan; Cezar, Gustavo Vianna; Min, Liang; Azevedo, Inês M. L.; Rajagopal, Ram

doi:10.1038/s41560-022-01105-7

Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption

Journal Article · Thu Sep 22 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Nature Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-022-01105-7· OSTI ID:1987341

^[1]; Cezar, Gustavo Vianna ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich (Switzerland); SLAC
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Electric vehicles will contribute to emissions reductions in the United States, but their charging may challenge electricity grid operations. We present a data-driven, realistic model of charging demand that captures the diverse charging behaviours of future adopters in the US Western Interconnection. We study charging control and infrastructure build-out as critical factors shaping charging load and evaluate grid impact under rapid electric vehicle adoption with a detailed economic dispatch model of 2035 generation. We find that peak net electricity demand increases by up to 25% with forecast adoption and by 50% in a stress test with full electrification. Locally optimized controls and high home charging can strain the grid. Shifting instead to uncontrolled, daytime charging can reduce storage requirements, excess non-fossil fuel generation, ramping and emissions. Our results urge policymakers to reflect generation-level impacts in utility rates and deploy charging infrastructure that promotes a shift from home to daytime charging.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1987341

Journal Information:: Nature Energy, Journal Name: Nature Energy Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 7; ISSN 2058-7546

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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