Giallar: push-button verification for the qiskit Quantum compiler

Tao, Runzhou; Shi, Yunong; Yao, Jianan; Li, Xupeng; Javadi-Abhari, Ali; Cross, Andrew W.; Chong, Frederic T.; Gu, Ronghui

doi:10.1145/3519939.3523431

Giallar: push-button verification for the qiskit Quantum compiler

Conference · 09 June 2022 · Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3519939.3523431· OSTI ID:1986256

Tao, Runzhou ^[1]; Shi, Yunong ^[2]; Yao, Jianan ^[1]; Li, Xupeng ^[1]; Javadi-Abhari, Ali ^[3]; Cross, Andrew W. ^[3]; Chong, Frederic T. ^[4]; Gu, Ronghui ^[1]

Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)
Amazon, New York, NY (United States)
IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY (United States)
University of Chicago, IL (United States)

This paper presents Giallar, a fully-automated verification toolkit for quantum compilers. Giallar requires no manual specifications, invariants, or proofs, and can automatically verify that a compiler pass preserves the semantics of quantum circuits. To deal with unbounded loops in quantum compilers, Giallar abstracts three loop templates, whose loop invariants can be automatically inferred. To efficiently check the equivalence of arbitrary input and output circuits that have complicated matrix semantics representation, Giallar introduces a symbolic representation for quantum circuits and a set of rewrite rules for showing the equivalence of symbolic quantum circuits. With Giallar, we implemented and verified 44 (out of 56) compiler passes in 13 versions of the Qiskit compiler, the open-source quantum compiler standard, during which three bugs were detected in and confirmed by Qiskit. Furthermore, our evaluation shows that most of Qiskit compiler passes can be automatically verified in seconds and verification imposes only a modest overhead to compilation performance.

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Research Organization:: University of Chicago, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0020289

OSTI ID:: 1986256

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Conference: PLDI '22: 43. ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, San Diego, CA (United States), 13-17 Jun 2022

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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