Optimizing power system restoration with damaged communications

Musselman, Amelia; Aravena, Ignacio

doi:10.1007/s12667-022-00553-0

Optimizing power system restoration with damaged communications

Journal Article · Mon Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Energy Systems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-022-00553-0· OSTI ID:1983745

^[1]; ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Utility procedures for power system blackstart and restoration typically assume that energization decisions can be reliably communicated across the grid. In reality, the communications and control network would likely also be affected in power outages, such as those caused by extreme weather events or cyber-attacks. This paper studies the effect of damage to the power system communications and control infrastructure on restoration operations following a blackout. We model the communications infrastructure as a graph, overlaying the power grid, and imposing the requirement that every energized element in the power grid be observable from a control center. We expand on a specialized branch-and-bound algorithm from the literature to optimize the restoration process and devise an initialization heuristic and a rounding heuristic to improve solution speed. We perform numerical experiments on synthetic systems for Illinois and Texas with outages based on a solar flare or hurricane. We compare the results of our specialized branch-and-bound algorithm to the results from (i) the initialization heuristic alone, (ii) a variation of this heuristic that we use as a baseline, and (iii) the restoration optimization for the power system without communications constraints. Here, we find that damage to the communications infrastructure significantly increases the time required to re-energize the grid. Moreover, by simultaneously optimizing communications repairs and grid energization decisions, we are able to re-energize the grid significantly faster than if communications repairs and energization decisions were made independently or with partial coordination, motivating improvements to current industry practice.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1983745

Report Number(s):: LLNL--JRNL-823585; 1036149

Journal Information:: Energy Systems, Journal Name: Energy Systems Vol. 16; ISSN 1868-3967

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (29)

Transmission system repair and restoration Van Hentenryck, P.; Coffrin, C. Mathematical Programming, Vol. 151, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-015-0887-0	journal	March 2015
A tri-level optimization model to mitigate coordinated attacks on electric power systems in a cyber-physical environment Lai, Kexing; Illindala, Mahesh; Subramaniam, Karthikeyan Applied Energy, Vol. 235 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.077	journal	February 2019
A survey on communication networks for electric system automation Gungor, V. C.; Lambert, F. C. Computer Networks, Vol. 50, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2006.01.005	journal	May 2006
Security issues in SCADA networks Igure, Vinay M.; Laughter, Sean A.; Williams, Ronald D. Computers & Security, Vol. 25, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2006.03.001	journal	October 2006
Restoration of interdependent network against cascading overload failure Zhong, Jilong; Zhang, FengMing; Yang, Shunkun Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Vol. 514 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.09.130	journal	January 2019
Electric Power Grid Restoration Considering Disaster Economics Arab, Ali; Khodaei, Amin; Khator, Suresh K. IEEE Access, Vol. 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2523545	journal	January 2016
Investigating the security of electrical power systems SCADA Chikuni, Edward; Dondo, Maxwell AFRICON 2007 https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2007.4401531	conference	September 2007
Cyber security analysis of state estimators in electric power systems Teixeira, Andre; Amin, Saurabh; Sandberg, Henrik 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2010.5717318	conference	December 2010
On the role of power-grid and communication-system interdependencies on cascading failures Rahnamay-Naeini, Mahshid; Hayat, Majeed M. 2013 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) https://doi.org/10.1109/GlobalSIP.2013.6736931	conference	December 2013
Substation Communication Networks Architecture Ali, Iqbal; Thomas, Mini S. 2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745218	conference	October 2008
Impacts of information and communication failures on optimal power system operation Falahati, B.; Kargarian, A. 2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497860	conference	February 2013
Cyber–Physical System Security for the Electric Power Grid Sridhar, Siddharth; Hahn, Adam; Govindarasu, Manimaran Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 100, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2011.2165269	journal	January 2012
Assessing the effect of failures in the information and communication infrastructure on power system reliability Panteli, Mathaios; Kirschen, Daniel S. 2011 IEEE/PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition https://doi.org/10.1109/PSCE.2011.5772565	conference	March 2011
Stealth Attacks and Protection Schemes for State Estimators in Power Systems Dan, Gyorgy; Sandberg, Henrik 2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622046	conference	October 2010
Mitigating cascading failures in interdependent power grids and communication networks Parandehgheibi, Marzieh; Modiano, Eytan; Hay, David 2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007653	conference	November 2014
Transmission network restoration considering AC power flow constraints Arab, Ali; Khodaei, Amin; Khator, Suresh K. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2015.7436402	conference	November 2015
Data Integrity Attacks Against Outage Management Systems Hong, Tao; Hofmann, Alex IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 69, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2021.3055139	journal	June 2022
An information architecture for future power systems and its reliability analysis No authors listed IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 17, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2002.800971	journal	August 2002
Vulnerability Assessment of Cybersecurity for SCADA Systems Ten, Chee-Wooi; Liu, Chen-Ching; Manimaran, Govindarasu IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 23, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2008.2002298	journal	November 2008
Optimal Generator Start-Up Strategy for Bulk Power System Restoration Sun, Wei; Liu, Chen-Ching; Zhang, Li IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 26, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2089646	journal	August 2011
Design of Wide-Area Power System Damping Controllers Resilient to Communication Failures Zhang, Song; Vittal, Vijay IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2261828	journal	November 2013
Grid Structural Characteristics as Validation Criteria for Synthetic Networks Birchfield, Adam B.; Xu, Ti; Gegner, Kathleen M. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2616385	journal	July 2017
Strong Mixed-Integer Formulations for Power System Islanding and Restoration Patsakis, Georgios; Rajan, Deepak; Aravena, Ignacio IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 34, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2920872	journal	November 2019
Incorporating Wind Energy in Power System Restoration Planning Golshani, Amir; Sun, Wei; Zhou, Qun IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2729592	journal	January 2019
Julia: A Fresh Approach to Numerical Computing Bezanson, Jeff; Edelman, Alan; Karpinski, Stefan SIAM Review, Vol. 59, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1137/141000671	journal	January 2017
JuMP: A Modeling Language for Mathematical Optimization Dunning, Iain; Huchette, Joey; Lubin, Miles SIAM Review, Vol. 59, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1137/15M1020575	journal	January 2017
Communication-Constrained Expansion Planning for Resilient Distribution Systems Byeon, Geunyeong; Van Hentenryck, Pascal; Bent, Russell INFORMS Journal on Computing https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2019.0899	journal	April 2020
Strong SOCP Relaxations for the Optimal Power Flow Problem Kocuk, Burak; Dey, Santanu S.; Sun, X. Andy Operations Research, Vol. 64, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2016.1489	journal	December 2016
Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Stouffer, Keith; Pillitteri, Victoria; Lightman, Suzanne https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-82r2	report	May 2015

Similar Records

Blackstart Capability and Survivability of Wind Turbines with Fully Rated Converters

Journal Article · Mon May 09 20:00:00 EDT 2022 · IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion · OSTI ID:1898571

Optimal Black Start Allocation for Power System Restoration

Journal Article · Tue May 01 20:00:00 EDT 2018 · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · OSTI ID:1782530

Modernizing Distribution System Restoration to Achieve Grid Resiliency Against Extreme Weather Events: An Integrated Solution

Journal Article · Fri Jul 07 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Proceedings of the IEEE · OSTI ID:1389641

Related Subjects

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
Communications network
Mathematics and Computing
Energy
Power system control
Power system restoration
Resilience

Optimizing power system restoration with damaged communications

Citation Formats

References (29)

Similar Records

Related Subjects