Laser-induced-fluorescence imaging of a spin-polarized ultracold neutral plasma in a magnetic field

Gorman, G. M.; Warrens, M. K.; Bradshaw, S. J.; Killian, T. C.

doi:10.1103/physreva.105.013108

Laser-induced-fluorescence imaging of a spin-polarized ultracold neutral plasma in a magnetic field

Journal Article · Wed Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.105.013108· OSTI ID:1982744

^[1]; ^[1]; Bradshaw, S. J. ^[1]; ^[1]

Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)

In this work, we report Doppler-sensitive laser-induced-fluorescence (LIF) imaging of an ultracold neutral plasma in a magnetic field. Local values of ion density, hydrodynamic fluid velocity, temperature, and spin polarization are obtained using a fluorescence model based on velocity-resolved rate equations (REs) including the transfer of ions between states due to laser coupling and spontaneous emission. The RE approach captures optical pumping of ions into states that are not driven by the LIF excitation laser, and this is validated with experimental data. Combined molecular-dynamics and quantum-trajectories simulations verify that velocity-changing collisions have a negligible impact on the state population evolution for typical experimental conditions. Relative intensities of Zeeman components of the LIF spectra provide clear evidence that the ions are electron-spin-polarized when created by photoionization of magnetically trapped ⁸⁸Sr atoms. This probe opens many possibilities for studying thermal transport and the equilibration of neutral plasmas in overlapping regimes of strong coupling and magnetization.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Science, Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1982744

Journal Information:: Physical Review A, Journal Name: Physical Review A Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 105; ISSN 2469-9926

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (56)

The effect of magnetic field on plasma particles in dusty plasma Karasev, V. Yu.; Dzlieva, E. S.; D'yachkov, L. G. Contributions to Plasma Physics, Vol. 59, Issue 4-5 https://doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.201800136	journal	February 2019
Dynamics and transport of magnetized two-dimensional Yukawa liquids Feng, Yan; Lu, Shaoyu; Wang, Kang Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41614-019-0032-2	journal	June 2019
Calculation of radiative transition rates for polarized laser radiation Lucht, R. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(02)00044-8	journal	January 2003
Ultracold neutral plasmas Killian, T. C.; Pattard, T.; Pohl, T. Physics Reports, Vol. 449, Issue 4-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2007.04.007	journal	September 2007
Single beam laser induced fluorescence technique for plasma transport measurements Edrich, D. A.; McWilliams, R.; Wolf, N. S. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 67, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1147111	journal	August 1996
A new pure ion plasma device with laser induced fluorescence diagnostic Anderegg, F.; Huang, X. -P.; Sarid, E. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 68, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1148119	journal	June 1997
Polarized laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy for measuring electric field distribution in plasmas Watanabe, M.; Takiyama, K.; Oda, T. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 70, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1149447	journal	January 1999
Electron spin-polarized alkaline-earth ions produced by multiphoton ionization Nakajima, Takashi; Yonekura, Nobuaki The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1490598	journal	August 2002
Laser induced fluorescence in Ar and He plasmas with a tunable diode laser Boivin, R. F.; Scime, E. E. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 74, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1606095	journal	October 2003
Electron-spin polarization of photoions produced through photoionization from the laser-excited triplet state of Sr Yonekura, Nobuaki; Nakajima, Takashi; Matsuo, Yukari The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1635818	journal	January 2004
Wavelengths, Transition Probabilities, and Energy Levels for the Spectra of Strontium Ions (Sr II through Sr XXXVIII ) Sansonetti, J. E. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3659413	journal	March 2012
A two photon absorption laser induced fluorescence diagnostic for fusion plasmas Magee, R. M.; Galante, M. E.; McCarren, D. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4728092	journal	October 2012
Reduction of electron heating by magnetizing ultracold neutral plasma Tiwari, Sanat Kumar; Baalrud, Scott D. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5013320	journal	January 2018
Laser-plasma interactions in magnetized environment Shi, Yuan; Qin, Hong; Fisch, Nathaniel J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5017980	journal	May 2018
Laser-driven strong magnetostatic fields with applications to charged beam transport and magnetized high energy-density physics Santos, J. J.; Bailly-Grandvaux, M.; Ehret, M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5018735	journal	May 2018
Exploring the crossover between high-energy-density plasma and ultracold neutral plasma physics Bergeson, Scott D.; Baalrud, Scott D.; Ellison, C. Leland Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5119144	journal	October 2019
Laser-induced fluorescence measurement of very slow neutral flows in a dusty plasma experiment Marshall, R. S.; Bellan, P. M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 91, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0006684	journal	June 2020
A generalized Boltzmann kinetic theory for strongly magnetized plasmas with application to friction Jose, Louis; Baalrud, Scott D. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0025158	journal	November 2020
Quantitative evaluation of laser-induced fluorescence in magnetized low-pressure argon plasma Bergert, Roman; Isberner, Leonard W.; Mitic, Slobodan Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 28, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0032524	journal	January 2021
Expansion of ultracold neutral plasmas with exponentially decaying density distributions Warrens, M. K.; Gorman, G. M.; Bradshaw, S. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0042460	journal	February 2021
Extended space and time correlations in strongly magnetized plasmas Vidal, Keith R.; Baalrud, Scott D. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 28, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0045078	journal	April 2021
Finite-amplitude RF heating rates for magnetized electrons in neutral plasma Guthrie, John M.; Roberts, Jacob L. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 28, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0047640	journal	May 2021
Ultracold neutral plasmas Lyon, M.; Rolston, S. L. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/80/1/017001	journal	November 2016
Application of laser-induced fluorescence to high-temperature plasmas Muraoka, K.; Maeda, M. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 35, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/35/6/001	journal	June 1993
Using sheet fluorescence to probe ion dynamics in an ultracold neutral plasma Castro, J.; Gao, H.; Killian, T. C. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/50/12/124011	journal	November 2008
LIF measurements on an atomic helium beam in the edge of a fusion plasma Krychowiak, M.; Mertens, Ph; König, R. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/50/6/065015	journal	April 2008
Magnetized dusty plasmas: the next frontier for complex plasma research Thomas, E.; Merlino, R. L.; Rosenberg, M. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/54/12/124034	journal	November 2012
Interaction of ultracold non-ideal ion–electron plasma with a uniform magnetic field Isaev, I. L.; Gavriliuk, A. P. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/aa9b98	journal	December 2017
Combined molecular-dynamics and quantum-trajectories simulation of laser-driven, collisional systems Gorman, G. M.; Langin, T. K.; Warrens, M. K. Physical Review A, Vol. 101, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.101.012710	journal	January 2020
Magnetic trapping of metastable 3 P 2 atomic strontium Nagel, S. B.; Simien, C. E.; Laha, S. Physical Review A, Vol. 67, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.67.011401	journal	January 2003
Kinetic modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of ultracold neutral plasmas including ionic correlations Pohl, T.; Pattard, T.; Rost, J. M. Physical Review A, Vol. 70, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.70.033416	journal	September 2004
Friction force in strongly magnetized plasmas Bernstein, David J.; Lafleur, Trevor; Daligault, Jérôme Physical Review E, Vol. 102, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.102.041201	journal	October 2020
Fluorescent microspheres as tracer particles in dusty plasmas Miksch, Tobias; Melzer, André Physical Review E, Vol. 75, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.75.016404	journal	January 2007
Limit of strong ion coupling due to electron shielding Lyon, M.; Bergeson, S. D.; Murillo, M. S. Physical Review E, Vol. 87, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.87.033101	journal	March 2013
Demonstrating universal scaling for dynamics of Yukawa one-component plasmas after an interaction quench Langin, T. K.; Strickler, T.; Maksimovic, N. Physical Review E, Vol. 93, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.93.023201	journal	February 2016
Transport regimes spanning magnetization-coupling phase space Baalrud, Scott D.; Daligault, Jérôme Physical Review E, Vol. 96, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.043202	journal	October 2017
Molecular-Dynamics Simulations of Electron-Ion Temperature Relaxation in a Classical Coulomb Plasma Dimonte, Guy; Daligault, Jerome Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.135001	journal	September 2008
Diffusion in a Strongly Coupled Magnetized Plasma Ott, T.; Bonitz, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.135003	journal	September 2011
Velocity Relaxation in a Strongly Coupled Plasma Bannasch, G.; Castro, J.; McQuillen, P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.185008	journal	November 2012
Magnetic Confinement of an Ultracold Neutral Plasma Gorman, G. M.; Warrens, M. K.; Bradshaw, S. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 126, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.085002	journal	February 2021
Plasma Ion Diagnostics Using Resonant Fluorescence Stern, R. A.; Johnson, J. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.1548	journal	June 1975
Creation of an Ultracold Neutral Plasma Killian, T. C.; Kulin, S.; Bergeson, S. D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 83, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.4776	journal	December 1999
Using Fermi Statistics to Create Strongly Coupled Ion Plasmas in Atom Traps Murillo, M. S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.115003	journal	August 2001
Using Absorption Imaging to Study Ion Dynamics in an Ultracold Neutral Plasma Simien, C. E.; Chen, Y. C.; Gupta, P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.143001	journal	April 2004
Coulomb Crystallization in Expanding Laser-Cooled Neutral Plasmas Pohl, T.; Pattard, T.; Rost, J. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.155003	journal	April 2004
Electron Screening and Kinetic-Energy Oscillations in a Strongly Coupled Plasma Chen, Y. C.; Simien, C. E.; Laha, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.265003	journal	December 2004
Fluorescence Measurements Of Expanding Strongly Coupled Neutral Plasmas Cummings, E. A.; Daily, J. E.; Durfee, D. S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.235001	journal	November 2005
Ultrafast Dynamics of Strongly Coupled Plasmas Murillo, Michael S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.165001	journal	April 2006
Using Three-Body Recombination to Extract Electron Temperatures of Ultracold Plasmas Fletcher, R. S.; Zhang, X. L.; Rolston, S. L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.145001	journal	October 2007
Experimental Measurement of Self-Diffusion in a Strongly Coupled Plasma Strickler, T. S.; Langin, T. K.; McQuillen, P. Physical Review X, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.021021	journal	May 2016
Alkaline-Earth Atoms in Optical Tweezers Cooper, Alexandre; Covey, Jacob P.; Madjarov, Ivaylo S. Physical Review X, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.8.041055	journal	December 2018
CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018 Tiesinga, Eite; Mohr, Peter J.; Newell, David B. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 93, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010	journal	June 2021
Laser‐induced fluorescence characterization of ions in a magnetron plasma Goeckner, M. J.; Goree, J.; Sheridan, T. E. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.576421	journal	November 1990
Einstein coefficients, cross sections, f values, dipole moments, and all that Hilborn, Robert C. American Journal of Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1119/1.12937	journal	November 1982
Laser cooling of ions in a neutral plasma Langin, Thomas K.; Gorman, Grant M.; Killian, Thomas C. Science, Vol. 363, Issue 6422 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat3158	journal	January 2019
Recent progress in the theory and simulation of strongly correlated plasmas: phase transitions, transport, quantum, and magnetic field effects Ott, Torben; Thomsen, Hauke; Abraham, Jan Willem The European Physical Journal D, Vol. 72, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2018-80385-7	journal	May 2018

Similar Records

Sheet Fluorescence and Annular Analysis of Ultracold Neutral Plasmas

Journal Article · Mon Mar 30 00:00:00 EDT 2009 · AIP Conference Proceedings · OSTI ID:21300446

Emergence of kinetic behavior in streaming ultracold neutral plasmas

Journal Article · Wed Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:22408375

Ultracold neutral plasma expansion in two dimensions

Journal Article · Wed Dec 14 23:00:00 EST 2005 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:20782409

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
Fluorescence spectroscopy
Low-temperature plasma
Magnetized plasma
Molecular dynamics
Optics
Physics
Strongly-coupled plasmas

Laser-induced-fluorescence imaging of a spin-polarized ultracold neutral plasma in a magnetic field

Citation Formats

References (56)

Similar Records

Related Subjects