Redshift evolution of the H I detection rate in radio-loud active galactic nuclei

Murthy, Suma; Morganti, Raffaella; Kanekar, Nissim; Oosterloo, Tom

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142550

Redshift evolution of the H _I detection rate in radio-loud active galactic nuclei

Journal Article · Fri Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Astronomy and Astrophysics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142550· OSTI ID:1982321

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[2]

University of Groningen (Netherlands); ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo (Netherlands); Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC, Dwingeloo (Netherlands)
ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo (Netherlands); University of Groningen (Netherlands)
Pune University (India)

We present a search for associated H I 21 cm absorption in a sample of 29 radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at 0.7 < z < 1, carried out with the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We detect H I 21 cm absorption against none of our target AGNs, obtaining 3σ upper limits to the optical depth of ≲1% per 50 km s^–1 channel. The radio luminosity of our sources is lower than that of most AGNs searched for H I 21 cm absorption at similar redshifts in the literature, and, for all targets except two, the UV luminosity is below the threshold 10²³ W Hz^–1, above which the H I in the AGN environment has been suggested to be completely ionised. We stacked the H I 21 cm spectra to obtain a more stringent limit of ≈0.17% per 50 km s^–1 channel on the average H I 21 cm optical depth of the sample. Furthermore, the sample is dominated by extended radio sources, 24 of which are extended on scales of tens of kiloparsecs. Including similar extended sources at 0.7 < z < 1.0 from the literature, and comparing with a low-z sample of extended radio sources, we find statistically significant (≈3σ) evidence that the strength of H I 21 cm absorption towards extended radio sources is weaker at 0.7 < z < 1.0 than at z < 0.25, with a lower detection rate of H I 21 cm absorption at 0.7 < z < 1.0. Redshift evolution in the physical conditions of H I is the likely cause of the weaker associated H I 21 cm absorption at high redshifts, due to either a low H I column density or a high spin temperature in high-z AGN environments.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Science, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1982321

Journal Information:: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Journal Name: Astronomy and Astrophysics Vol. 659; ISSN 0004-6361

Publisher:: EDP SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Redshift evolution of the H _I detection rate in radio-loud active galactic nuclei