Baseplate Temperature–Dependent Vertical Composition Gradient in Pseudo–Bilayer Films for Printing Non–Fullerene Organic Solar Cells

Zheng, Yina; Sun, Rui; Zhang, Meng; Chen, Zhihao; Peng, Zhengxing; Wu, Qiang; Yuan, Xinxin; Yu, Yue; Wang, Tao; Wu, Yao; Hao, Xiaotao; Lu, Guanghao; Ade, Harald; Min, Jie

doi:10.1002/aenm.202102135

Baseplate Temperature–Dependent Vertical Composition Gradient in Pseudo–Bilayer Films for Printing Non–Fullerene Organic Solar Cells

Journal Article · Sun Oct 17 00:00:00 UTC 2021 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202102135· OSTI ID:1981371

Zheng, Yina ^[1]; Sun, Rui ^[1]; Zhang, Meng ^[2]; Chen, Zhihao ^[3]; Peng, Zhengxing ^[4]; Wu, Qiang ^[1]; Yuan, Xinxin ^[1]; Yu, Yue ^[1]; Wang, Tao ^[1]; Wu, Yao ^[1]; Hao, Xiaotao ^[3]; Lu, Guanghao ^[5]; Ade, Harald ^[4]; ^[6]

Wuhan Univ. (China)
Xi'an Jiaotong Univ. (China)
Shandong Univ., Jinan (China)
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States)
Xi'an Jiaotong Univ., (China)
Wuhan Univ. (China) ; South China Univ. of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou (China); Zhengzhou University (China)

Numerous previous reports on the sequential deposition (SD) technique have demonstrated that this approach can achieve a p–i–n active layer architecture with an ideal vertical composition gradient, which is one of the critical factors that can influence the physical processes that determine the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells. Herein, a commonly used photovoltaic system comprised of PM6 as a donor and Y6 as an acceptor is investigated with respect to sequential blade–processing deposition to comprehensively explore the morphology characteristics as a function of baseplate temperature. A systematic study of the temperature–dependent blend morphology elucidates the SD–processed configuration merits and device physics behind temperature–controlled degree of vertical composition gradient, and constructs the temperature–microstructure–property relationship for the corresponding photovoltaic parameters. The result shows, as the temperature increases, the morphology of the active layer has undergone a distinct evolution from the pseudo–bulk heterojunction to a pseudo–planar heterojunction and then to a pseudo–planar bilayer, leading to a non–monotonic correlation between baseplate temperature and device performance. Further, this investigation not only reveals the importance of precisely controlling baseplate temperature for gaining vertical morphology control, but also provides a path toward rational optimization of device performance in the lab–to–fab transition.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1981371

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1997049

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 45 Vol. 11; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Baseplate Temperature–Dependent Vertical Composition Gradient in Pseudo–Bilayer Films for Printing Non–Fullerene Organic Solar Cells

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