Evidence of Quadrupole and Octupole Deformations in Zr96+Zr96 and Ru96+Ru96 Collisions at Ultrarelativistic Energies

Zhang, Chunjian; Jia, Jiangyong

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.128.022301

Evidence of Quadrupole and Octupole Deformations in Zr 96 + Zr 96 and Ru 96 + Ru 96 Collisions at Ultrarelativistic Energies

Journal Article · Tue Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.128.022301· OSTI ID:1980253

^[1]; ^[2]

Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); OSTI
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

In the hydrodynamic model description of heavy-ion collisions, the elliptic flow

v_{2}

and triangular flow

v_{3}

are sensitive to the quadrupole deformation

β_{2}

and octupole deformation

β_{3}

of the colliding nuclei. The relations between

v_{n}

and

β_{n}

have recently been clarified and were found to follow a simple parametric form. The STAR Collaboration has just published precision

v_{n}

data from isobaric

{}_{96}{Ru} + {}_{96}{Ru}

and

{}_{96}{Zr} + {}_{96}{Zr}

collisions, where they observe large differences in central collisions

v_{2, Ru} > v_{2, Zr}

and

v_{3, Ru} < v_{3, Zr}

. Using a transport model simulation, we show that these orderings are a natural consequence of $$\beta_{2,Ru} \gg \beta_{2,Zr}$$ and $$\beta_{3,Ru} \ll \beta_{3,Zr}$$ We reproduce the centrality dependence of the

v_{2}

ratio qualitatively and

v_{3}

ratio quantitatively and extract values of

β_{2}

and

β_{3}

that are consistent with those measured at low-energy nuclear structure experiments. STAR data provide the first direct evidence of strong octupole correlations in the ground state of

{}_{96}{Zr}

in heavy-ion collisions. Our analysis demonstrates that flow measurements in high-energy, heavy-ion collisions, especially using isobaric systems, are a new precision tool to study nuclear structure physics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-87ER40331

OSTI ID:: 1980253

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1840796

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 128; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Evidence of Quadrupole and Octupole Deformations in Zr 96 + Zr 96 and Ru 96 + Ru 96 Collisions at Ultrarelativistic Energies

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