Observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from protoneutron stars

Fischer, Tobias; Carenza, Pierluca; Fore, Bryce; Giannotti, Maurizio; Mirizzi, Alessandro; Reddy, Sanjay

doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.103012

Title: Observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from protoneutron stars

Journal Article · Tue Nov 09 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.103012· OSTI ID:1979949

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University of Wroclaw (Poland)
Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica Michelangelo Merlin, Bari (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare—Sezione di Bari (Italy)
University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Barry University Miami Shores, FL (United States)

Here we perform general relativistic one-dimensional supernova (SN) simulations to identify observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from the pion-induced reaction π^-+ p →n + a inside a newly born protoneutron star (PNS). We focus on the early evolution after the onset of the supernova explosion to predict the temporal and spectral features of the neutrino and axion emission during the first 10 s. Pions are included as explicit new degrees of freedom in hot and dense matter. Their thermal population and their role in axion production are both determined consistently to include effects due to their interactions with nucleons. For a wide range of ambient conditions encountered inside a PNS, we find that the pion-induced axion production dominates over nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung processes. By consistently including the role of pions on the dense matter equation of state and on the energy loss, our simulations predict robust discernible features of neutrino and axion emission from a galactic supernova that can be observed in terrestrial detectors. For axion couplings that are compatible with current bounds, we find a significant suppression with time of the neutrino luminosity during the first 10 s. This suggests that current bounds derived from the neutrino signal from SN 1987A can be improved and that future galactic supernovae may provide significantly more stringent constraints.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); Polish National Science Center (NCN); Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Italian Ministero dell’Universit`a e della Ricerca (MUR); Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER41132; SC0018232; 2020/37/B/ST9/00691; 2017W4HA7S; A18-0354-S002; CA16117 ChETEC; CA16214 PHAROS

OSTI ID:: 1979949

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Vol. 104, Issue 10; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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