Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

A Meteorology and Snow Data Set From Adjacent Forested and Meadow Sites at Crested Butte, CO, USA

Journal Article · · Water Resources Research
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022wr033006· OSTI ID:1978588

We present meteorology and snow observation data collected at sites in the southwestern Colorado Rocky Mountains (USA) over three consecutive water years with different amounts of snow water equivalent (SWE) accumulation: A year with above average SWE (2019), a year with average SWE (2020), and a year with below average SWE (2021). This data set is distinguished by its emphasis on paired open-forest sites in a continental snow climate. Approximately once a month during February–May, we collected data from 15 to 20 snow pits and took 8 to 19 snow depth transects. Our sampling sites were in open and adjacent forested areas at 3,100 m and in a lower elevation aspen (3,035 m) and higher elevation conifer stand (3,395 m). In total, we recorded 270 individual snow pit density and temperature profiles and over 4,000 snow depth measurements. These data are complimented by continuous meteorological measurements from two weather stations: One in the open and one in the adjacent forest. Meteorology data—including incoming shortwave and longwave radiation, outgoing shortwave radiation, relative humidity, wind speed, snow depth, and air and infrared surface temperature—were quality controlled and the forcing data were gap-filled. These data are available to download from Bonner, Smyth, et al. at three levels of processing, including a level with downscaled, adjusted precipitation based on data assimilation using observed snow depth and a process-based snow model. We demonstrate the utility of these data with a modeling experiment that explores open-forest differences and identifies opportunities for improvements in model representation.

Research Organization:
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0019413
OSTI ID:
1978588
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1888590
Journal Information:
Water Resources Research, Journal Name: Water Resources Research Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 58; ISSN 0043-1397
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (41)

A meteorology and snow dataset from adjacent forested and meadow sites at Crested Butte, CO, USA dataset January 2022
Mountain system monitoring at Senator Beck Basin, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: A new integrative data source to develop and evaluate models of snow and hydrologic processes journal February 2014
Snowpack regimes of the Western United States journal July 2014
Representing spatial variability of forest snow: Implementation of a new interception model journal February 2016
The Colorado East River Community Observatory Data Collection journal June 2021
Snow interception modelling: Isolated observations have led to many land surface models lacking appropriate temperature sensitivities journal July 2021
Isolating forest process effects on modelled snowpack density and snow water equivalent journal January 2022
Effects of vegetation on snow accumulation and ablation in a mid-latitude sub-alpine forest journal July 2008
Lower forest density enhances snow retention in regions with warmer winters: A global framework developed from plot-scale observations and modeling: Forests and Snow Retention journal October 2013
Data quality checking for single station meteorological databases☆ journal June 1994
An objective snow profile comparison method and its application to SNOWPACK journal December 2001
Variability in shortwave irradiance caused by forest gaps: Measurements, modelling, and implications for snow energetics journal July 2015
Effects of bark beetle attacks on forest snowpack and avalanche formation – Implications for protection forest management journal April 2019
Forest canopy effects on snow accumulation and ablation: An integrative review of empirical results journal October 2010
Measurement of snow interception and canopy effects on snow accumulation and melt in a mountainous maritime climate, Oregon, United States: FOREST CANOPY EFFECTS ON GROUND SNOW PACK DYNAMICS journal November 2002
Evaluation of forest snow processes models (SnowMIP2) journal January 2009
A long-term data set for hydrologic modeling in a snow-dominated mountain catchment: A 25 YEAR DATA SET FOR HYDROLOGIC MODELING journal July 2011
Shading by Trees and Fractional Snow Cover Control the Subcanopy Radiation Budget journal March 2019
Major Issues in Simulating Some Arctic Snowpack Properties Using Current Detailed Snow Physics Models: Consequences for the Thermal Regime and Water Budget of Permafrost journal January 2019
Resolving Small‐Scale Forest Snow Patterns Using an Energy Balance Snow Model With a One‐Layer Canopy journal January 2020
Improving SWE Estimation With Data Assimilation: The Influence of Snow Depth Observation Timing and Uncertainty journal May 2020
Process‐Level Evaluation of a Hyper‐Resolution Forest Snow Model Using Distributed Multisensor Observations journal September 2020
Challenges and Capabilities in Estimating Snow Mass Intercepted in Conifer Canopies With Tree Sway Monitoring journal March 2022
Critical snow density threshold for Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) journal October 2018
SNOWMIP2: An Evaluation of Forest Snow Process Simulations journal August 2009
Modeling Snow–Canopy Processes on an Idealized Mountain journal August 2011
How Well Are We Measuring Snow: The NOAA/FAA/NCAR Winter Precipitation Test Bed journal June 2012
A Comparison of Methods for Filling Gaps in Hourly Near-Surface Air Temperature Data journal June 2013
Estimation of Needleleaf Canopy and Trunk Temperatures and Longwave Contribution to Melting Snow journal February 2017
Challenges in Modeling Turbulent Heat Fluxes to Snowpacks in Forest Clearings journal October 2018
A Meteorological Distribution System for High-Resolution Terrestrial Modeling (MicroMet) journal April 2006
Changes in Aspen Communities Over 30 Years in Gunnison County, Colorado journal October 1998
An Energy and Mass Model of Snow Cover Suitable for Operational Avalanche Forecasting journal January 1989
Hydrometeorological data from Marmot Creek Research Basin, Canadian Rockies journal April 2019
57 years (1960–2017) of snow and meteorological observations from a mid-altitude mountain site (Col de Porte, France, 1325 m of altitude) journal January 2019
Meteorological and evaluation datasets for snow modelling at 10 reference sites: description of in situ and bias-corrected reanalysis data journal January 2019
MeteoIO 2.4.2: a preprocessing library for meteorological data journal December 2014
A factorial snowpack model (FSM 1.0) journal December 2015
The quantification and correction of wind-induced precipitation measurement errors journal January 2017
Forest impacts on snow accumulation and ablation across an elevation gradient in a temperate montane environment journal January 2017
Impact of dynamic snow density on GlobSnow snow water equivalent retrieval accuracy journal June 2021

Similar Records

A meteorology and snow dataset from adjacent forested and meadow sites at Crested Butte, CO, USA
Dataset · Mon Mar 21 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · OSTI ID:2217663

Spatial patterns of snow distribution in the sub-Arctic
Journal Article · Wed Aug 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · The Cryosphere (Online) · OSTI ID:1882004

Related Subjects