Characterizing the Roles of Biogeochemical Cycling and Ocean Circulation in Regulating Marine Copper Distributions

Cui, Minming; Gnanadesikan, Anand

doi:10.1029/2021jc017742

Characterizing the Roles of Biogeochemical Cycling and Ocean Circulation in Regulating Marine Copper Distributions

Journal Article · Fri Dec 24 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jc017742· OSTI ID:1978543

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Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); OSTI
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)

Copper (Cu) is a key micronutrient for marine phytoplankton. Its oceanic biogeochemical cycle has elicited considerable attention due to dissolved Cu exhibiting a unique linear profile with depth. Several processes have been proposed for explaining this behavior. Here, in this study, we characterize the relationships between the observed Cu, PO₄^3–, and Si on a global scale. We find that the depth profiles of Cu resemble those of Si more than of PO₄^3– in the global ocean. To understand their relationships, we couple the biogeochemical and internal circulation processes in a model, fitting optimal Cu:PO₄^3– uptake ratios and remineralization length-scales to replicate the marine Cu distributions. The modeling results suggest that Cu uptake needs in the Southern Ocean are substantially higher than those in other oceanic regions. In addition, our modeling results indicate a deep Cu remineralization in the global ocean. We offer an alternative mechanism that relies on biogeochemical cycling and internal circulation to produce the linear depth profiles of dissolved Cu. Our results suggest that diatoms are likely the major phytoplankton dominating oceanic Cu cycling.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019344

OSTI ID:: 1978543

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1842366

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 127; ISSN 2169-9275

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Iron and copper limitations differently affect growth rates and photosynthetic and physiological parameters of the marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima Lelong, Aurélie; Bucciarelli, Eva; Hégaret, Hélène Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 58, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0613	journal	February 2013
The speciation of copper across active gradients in nitrogen-cycle processes in the eastern tropical South Pacific Jacquot, Jeremy E.; Kondo, Yoshiko; Knapp, Angela N. Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 58, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.4.1387	journal	June 2013
Copper requirements of the ammonia-oxidizing archaeon Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 and implications for nitrification in the marine environment Amin, Shady A.; Moffett, James W.; Martens-Habbena, Willm Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 58, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.6.2037	journal	October 2013
Differential remineralization of major and trace elements in sinking diatoms Twining, Benjamin S.; Nodder, Scott D.; King, Andrew L. Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 59, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2014.59.3.0689	journal	April 2014

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