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Non-conformal attractor in boost-invariant plasmas

Journal Article · · Physics Letters. B
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2]
  1. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States); North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States); Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1117, USA
  2. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (India)
  3. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States); McGill University, Montreal, QC (Canada)
  4. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
We study the dissipative evolution of (0+1)-dimensionally expanding media with Bjorken symmetry using the Boltzmann equation for massive particles in relaxation-time approximation. Breaking conformal symmetry by a mass induces a non-zero bulk viscous pressure in the medium. It is shown that even a small mass (in units of the local temperature) drastically modifies the well-known attractor for the shear Reynolds number previously observed in massless systems. For generic nonzero particle mass, neither the shear nor the bulk viscous pressure relax quickly to a non-equilibrium attractor; they approach the hydrodynamic limit only late, at small values of the inverse Reynolds numbers. Only the longitudinal pressure, which is a combination of thermal, shear and bulk viscous pressures, continues to show early approach to a far-off-equilibrium attractor, driven by the rapid longitudinal expansion at early times. Second-order dissipative hydrodynamics based on a gradient expansion around locally isotropic thermal equilibrium fails to reproduce this attractor.
Research Organization:
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Government of India; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0004286
OSTI ID:
1977557
Journal Information:
Physics Letters. B, Journal Name: Physics Letters. B Journal Issue: C Vol. 824; ISSN 0370-2693
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
quark-gluon plasma
relativistic fluid dynamics
relativistic heavy-ion collisions