Non-destructive measurement and real-time monitoring of apple hardness during ultrasonic contact drying via portable NIR spectroscopy and machine learning

Malvandi, Amir; Kapoor, Ragya; Feng, Hao; Kamruzzaman, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.infrared.2022.104077

Non-destructive measurement and real-time monitoring of apple hardness during ultrasonic contact drying via portable NIR spectroscopy and machine learning

Journal Article · Fri Feb 11 23:00:00 EST 2022 · Infrared Physics and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2022.104077· OSTI ID:1977222

Malvandi, Amir ^[1]; Kapoor, Ragya ^[2]; Feng, Hao ^[2]; Kamruzzaman, Mohammed ^[2]

Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); OSTI
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Portable near-infrared spectrometer in the spectral range of 900–1700 nm was evaluated for the first time to assess and monitor apple hardness in real-time during ultrasonic drying. Calibration models were developed using PLS and ANN, and their performances were evaluated by internal leave-one-out cross-validation and an external dataset. Several pre-treatments including standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), Savitzky–Golay first and second derivatives were employed to examine the effects of spectral variations in hardness prediction. Seven important wavelengths were selected using weighted regression coefficients to develop a simple MLR model to facilitate the model interpretation and circumvent noise. The models using PLS, MLR, and ANN with selected wavelengths predicted the apple hardness with R²_p of 0.91, 0.91, 0.95, and RMSEP of 14.78, 14.85, and 12.46 N, respectively. Finally, the results indicate that portable NIR spectrometers are quite promising for real-time monitoring of apple hardness during ultrasonic drying.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO); USDA

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0009125

OSTI ID:: 1977222

Journal Information:: Infrared Physics and Technology, Journal Name: Infrared Physics and Technology Journal Issue: C Vol. 122; ISSN 1350-4495

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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