On the effects of reactant stratification and wall curvature in non-premixed rotating detonation combustors

Athmanathan, Venkat; Braun, James; Ayers, Zachary M.; Fugger, Christopher A.; Webb, Austin M.; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Paniagua, Guillermo; Roy, Sukesh; Meyer, Terrence R.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112013

On the effects of reactant stratification and wall curvature in non-premixed rotating detonation combustors

Journal Article · Tue Feb 15 23:00:00 EST 2022 · Combustion and Flame

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112013· OSTI ID:1976993

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Webb, Austin M. ^[2]; Slipchenko, Mikhail N. ^[4]; ^[2]; Roy, Sukesh ^[3]; ^[2]

Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States); OSTI
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Spectral Energies, LLC, Beavercreek, OH (United States)
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States); Spectral Energies, LLC, Beavercreek, OH (United States)

The optimization of non-premixed rotating detonation combustors (RDCs) requires improved understanding of the coupled effects of reactant stratification, fluid property gradients, and complex shock-wave interactions on the detonation wave structure within annular geometries. In the current work, simultaneous orthogonal views of chemiluminescence and hydroxyl planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) are utilized to establish the existence of a dual-wave system characterized by leading and trailing detonation waves that are closely coupled by the local flow physics. These features are persistent over a wide range of mass flow rates and are consistent with prior observations of non-premixed rotating detonations in annular geometries. The detailed instantaneous time sequences are compared with a 3D reactive unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation to more clearly elucidate the in-situ combustion dynamics and the sensitivity to reactant inlet conditions. It is found that the dual-wave system results from unburned reactants that survive the leading detonation wave in the injector near field and are consumed within a trailing azimuthal reflected-shock combustion (ARSC) zone. By contrast, the injector far field is characterized by rapid mixing due to a sudden drop to subsonic conditions, and the bifurcated detonation wave structure collapses into a stronger, single-wave detonation front with higher overall pressure ratio as compared with the dual-wave system. While each RDC will have different inflow, mixing, and combustion characteristics, the underlying interactions between the stratified reactants and azimuthal wave dynamics identified through the combination of advanced MHz-rate diagnostics and 3D numerical simulations have important implications for the study of detonation wave stability, mode transition, and combustion efficiency in non-premixed annular RDCs.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0032075

OSTI ID:: 1976993

Journal Information:: Combustion and Flame, Journal Name: Combustion and Flame Journal Issue: C Vol. 240; ISSN 0010-2180

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (59)

Behavior of detonation propagation in mixtures with concentration gradients Ishii, K.; Kojima, M. Shock Waves, Vol. 17, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-007-0093-y	journal	August 2007
Mach reflection in detonations propagating through a gas with a concentration gradient Ettner, F.; Vollmer, K. G.; Sattelmayer, T. Shock Waves, Vol. 23, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-012-0385-8	journal	June 2012
Numerical investigation of shock wave reflections near the head ends of rotating detonation engines Zhou, R.; Wang, J. -P. Shock Waves, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-013-0440-0	journal	March 2013
Role of inlet reactant mixedness on the thermodynamic performance of a rotating detonation engine Nordeen, C. A.; Schwer, D.; Schauer, F. Shock Waves, Vol. 26, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-015-0570-7	journal	April 2015
Detonation propagation in hydrogen–air mixtures with transverse concentration gradients Boeck, L. R.; Berger, F. M.; Hasslberger, J. Shock Waves, Vol. 26, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-015-0598-8	journal	September 2015
Effects of Variable Total Pressures on Instability and Extinction of Rotating Detonation Combustion Zhao, Majie; Li, Jiun-Ming; Teo, Chiang Juay Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, Vol. 104, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-019-00050-y	journal	July 2019
Continuous Spin Detonation in Annular Combustors Bykovskii, F. A.; Zhdan, S. A.; Vedernikov, E. F. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, Vol. 41, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10573-005-0055-6	journal	July 2005
Continuous spin detonation of hydrogen-oxygen mixtures. 2. Combustor with an expanding annular channel Bykovskii, F. A.; Zhdan, S. A.; Vedernikov, E. F. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, Vol. 44, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10573-008-0041-x	journal	May 2008
Detonation cell size measurements and predictions in hydrogen-air-steam mixtures at elevated temperatures Ciccarelli, G.; Ginsberg, T.; Boccio, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 99, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(94)90124-4	journal	November 1994
Hydrogen-air detonations Guirao, C. M.; Knystautas, R.; Lee, J. H. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(82)80232-4	journal	January 1982
Effects of injection nozzle exit width on rotating detonation engine Sun, Jian; Zhou, Jin; Liu, Shijie Acta Astronautica, Vol. 140 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.09.008	journal	November 2017
Numerical investigation of a rotating detonation engine under premixed/non-premixed conditions Sun, Jian; Zhou, Jin; Liu, Shijie Acta Astronautica, Vol. 152 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.09.012	journal	November 2018
Three-dimensional numerical study on rotating detonation engines using reactive Navier-Stokes equations Zhang, Li-Feng; Ma, John Z.; Zhang, Shu-Jie Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2019.07.004	journal	October 2019
Experimental investigation on coexisting wave components in an optically accessible rotating detonation combustor Huang, Xin; Teo, Chiang Juay; Khoo, Boo Cheong Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 111 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2021.106538	journal	April 2021
Extinction criterion for unsteady, opposing-jet diffusion flames Katta, V. R.; Meyer, T. R.; Brown, M. S. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 137, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.02.004	journal	April 2004
Visible emission of hydrogen flames Schefer, R. W.; Kulatilaka, W. D.; Patterson, B. D. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 156, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.01.011	journal	June 2009
Three-dimensional numerical investigations of the rotating detonation engine with a hollow combustor Tang, Xin-Meng; Wang, Jian-Ping; Shao, Ye-Tao Combustion and Flame, Vol. 162, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2014.09.023	journal	April 2015
Chemiluminescence imaging of an optically accessible non-premixed rotating detonation engine Rankin, Brent A.; Richardson, Daniel R.; Caswell, Andrew W. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 176 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.09.020	journal	February 2017
Self-sustained, high-frequency detonation wave generation in a semi-bounded channel Schwinn, Kyle; Gejji, Rohan; Kan, Brandon Combustion and Flame, Vol. 193 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.03.022	journal	July 2018
Propagation behaviors of rotating detonation in an obround combustor Wen, Haocheng; Xie, Qiaofeng; Wang, Bing Combustion and Flame, Vol. 210 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.09.008	journal	December 2019
Effect of inlet and outlet boundary conditions on rotating detonation combustion Bluemner, Richard; Bohon, Myles D.; Paschereit, Christian Oliver Combustion and Flame, Vol. 216 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.03.011	journal	June 2020
Performance analysis of a rotating detonation combustor based on stagnation pressure measurements Bach, Eric; Stathopoulos, Panagiotis; Paschereit, Christian Oliver Combustion and Flame, Vol. 217 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.03.017	journal	July 2020
Experimental investigation on a rotating detonation cycle with burned gas backflow Matsuoka, Ken; Tanaka, Masaya; Noda, Tomoyuki Combustion and Flame, Vol. 225 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.10.048	journal	March 2021
Combustion mode and wave multiplicity in rotating detonative combustion with separate reactant injection Zhao, Majie; Cleary, Matthew J.; Zhang, Huangwei Combustion and Flame, Vol. 225 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.11.001	journal	March 2021
Femtosecond/picosecond rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometry in the exhaust of a rotating detonation combustor Athmanathan, Venkat; Rahman, K. Arafat; Lauriola, Daniel K. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 231 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111504	journal	September 2021
Experimental and numerical study of the ignition of hydrogen-air mixtures by a localized stationary hot surface Mével, R.; Melguizo-Gavilanes, J.; Boeck, L. R. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 76 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2019.02.005	journal	April 2019
Numerical investigation of the effect of inlet mass flow rates on H2/air non-premixed rotating detonation wave Meng, Qingyang; Zhao, Ningbo; Zheng, Hongtao International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 43, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.115	journal	July 2018
Supersonic driven detonation dynamics for rotating detonation engines Sosa, Jonathan; Ahmed, Kareem A.; Fievisohn, Robert International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.02.019	journal	March 2019
Experimental and numerical research on rotating detonation combustor under non-premixed conditions Jin, Shan; Qi, Lei; Zhao, Ningbo International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.02.009	journal	March 2020
The effect of premixed stratification on the wave dynamics of a rotating detonation combustor Burke, Robert; Rezzag, Taha; Dunn, Ian International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 46, Issue 54 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.06.003	journal	August 2021
Rotating detonation combustors and their similarities to rocket instabilities Anand, Vijay; Gutmark, Ephraim Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 73 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2019.04.001	journal	July 2019
Fluid dynamics of rotating detonation engines with hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels Schwer, Douglas; Kailasanath, K. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 34, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.05.046	journal	January 2013
Detonative propulsion Wolański, Piotr Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 34, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.10.005	journal	January 2013
Numerical study of hollow rotating detonation engine with different fuel injection area ratios Yao, Songbai; Tang, Xinmeng; Luan, Mingyi Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 36, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.126	journal	January 2017
Effect of increasing channel width on the structure of rotating detonation wave Katta, Viswanath R.; Cho, Kevin Y.; Hoke, John L. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.072	journal	January 2019
Experimental characterization of RDE combustor flowfield using linear channel Burr, Jason R.; Yu, Ken H. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.09.001	journal	January 2019
Investigation of the structure of detonation waves in a non-premixed hydrogen–air rotating detonation engine using mid-infrared imaging Rankin, Brent A.; Codoni, Joshua R.; Cho, Kevin Y. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.09.036	journal	January 2019
Mixing and detonation structure in a rotating detonation engine with an axial air inlet Sato, Takuma; Chacon, Fabian; White, Logan Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.283	journal	January 2021
Numerical simulation of a methane-oxygen rotating detonation rocket engine Prakash, Supraj; Raman, Venkat; Lietz, Christopher F. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.288	journal	January 2021
The dynamics of a non-premixed rotating detonation engine from time-resolved temperature measurements Fugger, Christopher A.; Lopez, Joseph G.; Rein, Keith D. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.373	journal	January 2021
Experimental study of internal flow structures in cylindrical rotating detonation engines Yokoo, Ryuya; Goto, Keisuke; Kasahara, Jiro Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.08.001	journal	January 2021
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of operation process in rotating detonation engine Frolov, S. M.; Dubrovskii, A. V.; Ivanov, V. S. Progress in Propulsion Physics https://doi.org/10.1051/eucass/201304467	conference	March 2013
Detonation structures behind oblique shocks Li, Chiping; Kailasanath, K.; Oran, Elaine S. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868273	journal	April 1994
Design and Experimental Assessment of Bladeless Turbines for Axial Inlet Supersonic Flows Braun, James; Paniagua, Guillermo; Falempin, Francois Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 142, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045359	journal	February 2020
Thermodynamic model of a rotating detonation engine Nordeen, C. A.; Schwer, D.; Schauer, F. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, Vol. 50, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010508214050128	journal	September 2014
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the operation of a rotating-detonation chamber with separate supply of fuel and oxidizer Frolov, S. M.; Dubrovskii, A. V.; Ivanov, V. S. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990793113010119	journal	February 2013
Measurements of OH mole fraction and temperature up to 20 kHz by using a diode-laser-based UV absorption sensor Meyer, Terrence R.; Roy, Sukesh; Anderson, Thomas N. Applied Optics, Vol. 44, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.44.006729	journal	November 2005
Megahertz-rate OH planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging in a rotating detonation combustor Hsu, Paul S.; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Jiang, Naibo Optics Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.403199	journal	January 2020
Continuous Spin Detonations Bykovskii, Fedor A.; Zhdan, Sergey A.; Vedernikov, Evgenii F. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 22, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.17656	journal	November 2006
Rotating Detonation Wave Propulsion: Experimental Challenges, Modeling, and Engine Concepts Lu, Frank K.; Braun, Eric M. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 30, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B34802	journal	September 2014
Front Cellular Structure and Thrust Performance on Hydrogen–Oxygen Rotating Detonation Engine Tsuboi, Nobuyuki; Eto, Seiichiro; Hayashi, A. Koichi Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B36095	journal	January 2017
High-Speed Diagnostics in a Natural Gas–Air Rotating Detonation Engine Journell, Christopher L.; Gejji, Rohan M.; Walters, Ian V. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 36, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B37740	journal	July 2020
Recent Progress, Development Trends, and Consideration of Continuous Detonation Engines Ma, John Z.; Luan, Ming-Yi; Xia, Zhi-Jie AIAA Journal, Vol. 58, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J058157	journal	December 2020
Quantification of Rotating Detonations Using OH* Chemiluminescence at Varied Widths Jodele, Justas; Anand, Vijay; Zahn, Alexander AIAA Journal, Vol. 59, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J059737	journal	July 2021
Review of Propulsion Applications of Detonation Waves Kailasanath, K. AIAA Journal, Vol. 38, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.2514/2.1156	journal	September 2000
Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis of Pulse Detonation Engines Heiser, William H.; Pratt, David T. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2514/2.5899	journal	January 2002
Morphology of standing oblique detonation waves Pratt, David T.; Humphrey, Joseph W.; Glenn, Dennis E. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2514/3.23399	journal	September 1991
Numerical Assessment of the Convective Heat Transfer in Rotating Detonation Combustors Using a Reduced-Order Model Braun, James; Sousa, Jorge; Paniagua, Guillermo Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/app8060893	journal	May 2018
Descending Modal Transition Dynamics in a Large Eddy Simulation of a Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine Batista, Armani; Ross, Mathias C.; Lietz, Christopher Energies, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123387	journal	June 2021

Similar Records

Experimental Study of Instabilities in Hydrogen-Air Fueled Rotating Detonation Combustion Presentation

Conference · Mon Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · OSTI ID:2452804

Mass flow rate effect on a rotating detonation combustor with an axial air injection

Journal Article · Tue Feb 16 23:00:00 EST 2021 · Shock Waves · OSTI ID:1808471

The effects of mixture preburning on detonation wave propagation

Journal Article · Thu Oct 29 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Proceedings of the Combustion Institute · OSTI ID:1808468

Related Subjects

3D URANS
42 ENGINEERING
OH PLIF
computational fluid dynamics
laser diagnostics
rotating detonation combustors
rotating detonation engines

On the effects of reactant stratification and wall curvature in non-premixed rotating detonation combustors

Citation Formats

References (59)

Similar Records

Related Subjects