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Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells

Journal Article · · Advanced Materials
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [4];  [4];  [3];  [3];  [5];  [3];  [2];  [4]
  1. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) (Hong Kong); OSTI
  2. Xiamen University, Xiamen (China)
  3. State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY (United States)
  4. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) (Hong Kong)
  5. Fok Ying Tung Research Institute The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou 511458 China
The rapid progress of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) has boosted the hydrogen economy concept via diverse energy applications in the past decades. For a holistic understanding of the development status of PEMFCs and AMFCs, recent advancements in electrocatalyst design and catalyst layer optimization, along with cell performance in terms of activity and durability in PEMFCs and AMFCs, are summarized in this report. The activity, stability, and fuel cell performance of different types of electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction are discussed and compared. Research directions on the further development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts to meet the ultimate commercialization of PEMFCs and AMFCs are also discussed.
Research Organization:
Central Michigan Univ., Mount Pleasant, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Key Research and Development Program of China; Research Grant Council of Hong Kong; Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee; Foshan-HKUST Project; Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project; Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC); Natural Science Foundation of China; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund; National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0006877
OSTI ID:
1976192
Journal Information:
Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 50 Vol. 33; ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Alkaline hydrogen electrode and oxygen reduction reaction on PtxNi nanoalloys journal January 2020
Highly active and durable Pt/MXene nanocatalysts for ORR in both alkaline and acidic conditions journal May 2020
Hard-Magnet L10-CoPt Nanoparticles Advance Fuel Cell Catalysis journal January 2019
H2/air alkaline membrane fuel cell performance and durability, using novel ionomer and non-platinum group metal cathode catalyst journal September 2010
Palladium-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions journal March 2011
A review of the stability and durability of non-precious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells journal July 2015
Palladium/nickel bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline membrane fuel cell journal February 2016
Co@Pt Core@Shell nanoparticles encapsulated in porous carbon derived from zeolitic imidazolate framework 67 for oxygen electroreduction in alkaline media journal March 2017
New insights into non-precious metal catalyst layer designs for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Improving performance and stability journal March 2017
Importance of balancing membrane and electrode water in anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2018
Influence of various carbon nano-forms as supports for Pt catalyst on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance journal August 2017
Improved electrochemical performance of Fe-N-C catalysts through ionic liquid modification in alkaline media journal January 2018
V-doped TiO2 supported Pt as a promising oxygen reduction reaction catalyst: Synthesis, characterization and in-situ evaluation in proton exchange membrane fuel cell journal September 2017
Review of cell performance in anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2018
Anion exchange membrane fuel cells: Current status and remaining challenges journal January 2018
Synthesis and characterization of high performing Fe-N-C catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in Alkaline Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal January 2018
One-pot synthesis of Pd@PtNi core-shell nanoflowers supported on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes with boosting activity toward oxygen reduction in alkaline electrolyte journal October 2017
3D-Graphene supports for palladium nanoparticles: Effect of micro/macropores on oxygen electroreduction in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal January 2018
Halloysite-derived nitrogen doped carbon electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal December 2017
Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells stably working at 80 °C journal June 2018
Lamellar platinum–rhodium aerogels with superior electrocatalytic performance for both hydrogen oxidation and evolution reaction in alkaline environment journal September 2019
Anion exchange membranes with "rigid-side-chain" symmetric piperazinium structures for fuel cell exceeding 1.2 W cm−2 at 60 °C journal October 2019
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Pd skin on AuCu intermetallic nanoparticles: A highly active electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media journal November 2016
Highly active and porous graphene encapsulating carbon nanotubes as a non-precious oxygen reduction electrocatalyst for hydrogen-air fuel cells journal August 2016
A scenario for oxygen reduction in alkaline media journal November 2016
Nanoalloy catalysts inside fuel cells: An atomic-level perspective on the functionality by combined in operando x-ray spectroscopy and total scattering journal July 2018
Distinguished Zn,Co-Nx-C-Sy active sites confined in dentric carbon for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction and flexible Zn-air Batteries journal April 2019
Anti-poisoned oxygen reduction by the interface modulated Pd@NiO core@shell journal April 2019
One-pot synthesis of IrNi@Ir core-shell nanoparticles as highly active hydrogen oxidation reaction electrocatalyst in alkaline electrolyte journal May 2019
Nitrogen-coordinated single iron atom catalysts derived from metal organic frameworks for oxygen reduction reaction journal July 2019
Does the oxophilic effect serve the same role for hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction in alkaline media? journal August 2019
Improving the bulk gas transport of Fe-N-C platinum group metal-free nanofiber electrodes via electrospinning for fuel cell applications journal July 2020
Electronic structure and oxophilicity optimization of mono-layer Pt for efficient electrocatalysis journal August 2020
Durable hybrid electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells journal November 2020
Discrepant roles of adsorbed OH* species on IrWO for boosting alkaline hydrogen electrocatalysis journal October 2020
Dynamic Core–Shell and Alloy Structures of Multimetallic Nanomaterials and Their Catalytic Synergies journal November 2020
Ambient Pressure Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Functional Material Systems as Fuel Cells under Working Conditions journal March 2018
Intermetallic Nanoparticles: Synthetic Control and Their Enhanced Electrocatalysis journal March 2019
Low Dimensional Platinum-Based Bimetallic Nanostructures for Advanced Catalysis journal August 2019
Controllable Increase of Boron Content in B-Pd Interstitial Nanoalloy To Boost the Oxygen Reduction Activity of Palladium journal November 2017
Toward Improved Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cell Performance Using Quaternized Aryl-Ether Free Polyaromatics journal March 2018
Ionomer Cross-Linking Immobilization of Catalyst Nanoparticles for High Performance Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells journal September 2019
Adsorption of Polyaromatic Backbone Impacts the Performance of Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal May 2019
Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal February 2016
Bimetallic Nanocrystals: Syntheses, Properties, and Applications journal July 2016
Nonprecious Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Heterogeneous Aqueous Systems journal December 2017
Alkaline Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Challenges in Electrocatalysis and Interfacial Charge Transfer journal November 2019
Surface and Interface Control in Nanoparticle Catalysis journal October 2019
Ruthenium-Alloy Electrocatalysts with Tunable Hydrogen Oxidation Kinetics in Alkaline Electrolyte journal June 2015
Mechanism of Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Pt(111) in Alkaline Solution: Importance of Chemisorbed Water on Surface journal July 2016
Impacts of Perchloric Acid, Nafion, and Alkali Metal Ions on Oxygen Reduction Reaction Kinetics in Acidic and Alkaline Solutions journal November 2016
Electrocatalytic Activities of Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Pd/C and Pd–B/C Catalysts journal February 2017
Acetonitrile Adsorption on Pt Single-Crystal Electrodes and Its Effect on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acidic and Alkaline Aqueous Solutions journal January 2019
Heterogeneous NiO2-to-Pd Epitaxial Structure Performs Outstanding Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity journal December 2019
Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis on Ordered Intermetallic Pd–Bi Electrodes Is Enhanced by a Low Coverage of Spectator Species journal February 2020
Pd–M/C (M = Pd, Cu, Pt) Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Medium: Correlating the Electronic Structure with Activity journal March 2017
Isolated Ni Atoms Dispersed on Ru Nanosheets: High-Performance Electrocatalysts toward Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction journal April 2020
High-Performance Pd 3 Pb Intermetallic Catalyst for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction journal March 2016
Ordered Pt 3 Co Intermetallic Nanoparticles Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction journal June 2018
Fully Tensile Strained Pd 3 Pb/Pd Tetragonal Nanosheets Enhance Oxygen Reduction Catalysis journal January 2019
Atomic-Level Construction of Tensile-Strained PdFe Alloy Surface toward Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis journal December 2019
Strain-Modulated Platinum–Palladium Nanowires for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal February 2020
Exploring the Composition–Activity Relation of Ni–Cu Binary Alloy Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Media journal April 2019
Correlations between Synthesis and Performance of Fe-Based PGM-Free Catalysts in Acidic and Alkaline Media: Evolution of Surface Chemistry and Morphology journal July 2019
Activation of Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Well-Defined Pt Electrocatalysts in Alkaline Media Containing Hydrophobic Organic Cations journal April 2019
Palladium–Ceria Catalysts with Enhanced Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Activity for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal June 2019
Enhancing ORR Performance of Bimetallic PdAg Electrocatalysts by Designing Interactions between Pd and Ag journal February 2020
Enhancement of Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction of Ru–Ir Alloy Nanoparticles through Bifunctional Mechanism on Ru–Ir Pair Site journal April 2020
Hierarchically Porous Carbons Derived from Nonporous Coordination Polymers journal May 2020
Improving the Antioxidation Capability of the Ni Catalyst by Carbon Shell Coating for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction journal June 2020
PdCu Nanoalloy Electrocatalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Role of Composition and Phase State in Catalytic Synergy journal November 2015
Ti3+-Promoted High Oxygen-Reduction Activity of Pd Nanodots Supported by Black Titania Nanobelts journal October 2016
Well-Coupled Nanohybrids Obtained by Component-Controlled Synthesis and in Situ Integration of MnxPdy Nanocrystals on Vulcan Carbon for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction journal January 2018
Three-Dimensional Networks of S-Doped Fe/N/C with Hierarchical Porosity for Efficient Oxygen Reduction in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells journal March 2018
Highly Active and Durable Core–Shell fct-PdFe@Pd Nanoparticles Encapsulated NG as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal May 2018
Structural and Electronic Stabilization of PtNi Concave Octahedral Nanoparticles by P Doping for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes journal July 2018
High Power Density Platinum Group Metal-free Cathodes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal December 2019
Caffeinated Interfaces Enhance Alkaline Hydrogen Electrocatalysis journal June 2020
Huge Instability of Pt/C Catalysts in Alkaline Medium journal July 2015
pH Effect on Electrochemistry of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal June 2015
Platinum and Palladium Overlayers Dramatically Enhance the Activity of Ruthenium Nanotubes for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation journal October 2015
Composition–Structure–Activity Relationships for Palladium-Alloyed Nanocatalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reaction: An Ex-Situ/In-Situ High Energy X-ray Diffraction Study journal August 2015
Elucidating Hydrogen Oxidation/Evolution Kinetics in Base and Acid by Enhanced Activities at the Optimized Pt Shell Thickness on the Ru Core journal October 2015
Water as a Promoter and Catalyst for Dioxygen Electrochemistry in Aqueous and Organic Media journal October 2015
Bimetal–Organic Framework Self-Adjusted Synthesis of Support-Free Nonprecious Electrocatalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction journal October 2015
Palladium Nanoparticle–Graphitic Carbon Nitride Porous Synergistic Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution/Oxidation Reactions over a Broad Range of pH and Correlation of Its Catalytic Activity with Measured Hydrogen Binding Energy journal February 2016
Relationships between Atomic Level Surface Structure and Stability/Activity of Platinum Surface Atoms in Aqueous Environments journal March 2016
Role of Chemical Composition in the Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Pt-Based Alloyed Ultrathin Nanowires for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction under Alkaline Conditions journal May 2016
Palladium–Platinum Core–Shell Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Prepared with the Assistance of Citric Acid journal April 2016
pH-Induced versus Oxygen-Induced Surface Enrichment and Segregation Effects in Pt–Ni Alloy Nanoparticle Fuel Cell Catalysts journal August 2017
Efficient and Durable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst Based on CoMn Alloy Oxide Nanoparticles Supported Over N-Doped Porous Graphene journal September 2017
Fe/N/C Nanotubes with Atomic Fe Sites: A Highly Active Cathode Catalyst for Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal August 2017
Effect of pH on the Activity of Platinum Group Metal-Free Catalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal March 2018
Accelerated Stress Test of Pt/C Nanoparticles in an Interface with an Anion-Exchange Membrane—An Identical-Location Transmission Electron Microscopy Study journal January 2018
Three-Dimensional Pd 3 Pb Nanosheet Assemblies: High-Performance Non-Pt Electrocatalysts for Bifunctional Fuel Cell Reactions journal April 2018
Photochemical Solid-Phase Synthesis of Platinum Single Atoms on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon with High Loading as Bifunctional Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions journal July 2018
Revealing the Role of Phase Structures of Bimetallic Nanocatalysts in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal October 2018
Surface Adsorption Affects the Performance of Alkaline Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal August 2018
Au Nanowires@Pd-Polyethylenimine Nanohybrids as Highly Active and Methanol-Tolerant Electrocatalysts toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media journal October 2018
Degradation of Carbon-Supported Platinum-Group-Metal Electrocatalysts in Alkaline Media Studied by in Situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Identical-Location Transmission Electron Microscopy journal May 2019
Secondary-Atom-Assisted Synthesis of Single Iron Atoms Anchored on N-Doped Carbon Nanowires for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal May 2019
Rh and Rh Alloy Nanoparticles as Highly Active H 2 Oxidation Catalysts for Alkaline Fuel Cells journal April 2019
The Role of Ru in Improving the Activity of Pd toward Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation Reactions in Alkaline Solutions journal September 2019
Catalytic Advantages, Challenges, and Priorities in Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells journal November 2019
Stabilizing Single-Atom Iron Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction via Ceria Confining and Trapping journal January 2020
Multifunctional Electrocatalysts: Ru–M (M = Co, Ni, Fe) for Alkaline Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers journal March 2020
Current Status and Future Development of Catalyst Materials and Catalyst Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: An Industrial Perspective journal February 2017
Constructing a Triple-Phase Interface in Micropores to Boost Performance of Fe/N/C Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells journal February 2017
Suppression Effect of Small Organic Molecules on Oxygen Reduction Activity of Fe/N/C Catalysts journal May 2018
High-Loading Composition-Tolerant Co–Mn Spinel Oxides with Performance beyond 1 W/cm 2 in Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal May 2019
Ionic Liquid-Modified Microporous ZnCoNC-Based Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal August 2019
Ternary Palladium–Boron–Phosphorus Alloy Mesoporous Nanospheres for Highly Efficient Electrocatalysis journal September 2019
Pt/Co Alloy Nanoparticles Prepared by Nanocapsule Method Exhibit a High Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity in the Alkaline Media journal May 2017
One-Pot Seedless Aqueous Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)-Supported Core–Shell Pt@Pd Nanoflowers as Advanced Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution journal September 2017
Role of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in O–O Bond Activation journal July 2007
Insights Into the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of Pt/C and PtCu/C Catalysts journal January 2015
Superoxide Anion is the Intermediate in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Platinum Electrodes journal June 2006
Inner-Sphere Heterogeneous Electrode Reactions. Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis: The Challenge journal June 2010
The Particle Size Effect on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of Pt Catalysts: Influence of Electrolyte and Relation to Single Crystal Models journal November 2011
Size Specifically High Activity of Ru Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolyte journal May 2013
Highly Stable, Anion Conductive, Comb-Shaped Copolymers for Alkaline Fuel Cells journal June 2013
Activity Descriptor Identification for Oxygen Reduction on Nonprecious Electrocatalysts: Linking Surface Science to Coordination Chemistry journal October 2013
Platinum-Coated Copper Nanowires with High Activity for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Base journal August 2013
Correlations between Mass Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Fe/N/C Catalysts for the ORR in PEM Fuel Cell via 57 Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy and Other Techniques journal January 2014
pH-Dependent Hydrogen and Water Binding Energies on Platinum Surfaces as Directly Probed through Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy journal April 2020
Enhanced Cycling Stability of Hybrid Li–Air Batteries Enabled by Ordered Pd 3 Fe Intermetallic Electrocatalyst journal June 2015
In Situ Probing of the Active Site Geometry of Ultrathin Nanowires for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal September 2015
Composition Tunability and (111)-Dominant Facets of Ultrathin Platinum–Gold Alloy Nanowires toward Enhanced Electrocatalysis journal September 2016
A General Approach to Preferential Formation of Active Fe–N x Sites in Fe–N/C Electrocatalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal November 2016
Investigating the Influences of the Adsorbed Species on Catalytic Activity for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolyte journal March 2017
Achieving Remarkable Activity and Durability toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction Based on Ultrathin Rh-Doped Pt Nanowires journal June 2017
Surface Proton Transfer Promotes Four-Electron Oxygen Reduction on Gold Nanocrystal Surfaces in Alkaline Solution journal May 2017
IrPdRu/C as H 2 Oxidation Catalysts for Alkaline Fuel Cells journal May 2017
Design of N-Coordinated Dual-Metal Sites: A Stable and Active Pt-Free Catalyst for Acidic Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal November 2017
Explanation of Dramatic pH-Dependence of Hydrogen Binding on Noble Metal Electrode: Greatly Weakened Water Adsorption at High pH journal May 2018
Coordination of Atomic Co–Pt Coupling Species at Carbon Defects as Active Sites for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal July 2018
Systematic Control of Redox Properties and Oxygen Reduction Reactivity through Colloidal Ligand-Exchange Deposition of Pd on Au journal June 2018
Rapid Room-Temperature Synthesis of a Metastable Ordered Intermetallic Electrocatalyst journal January 2019
Unconventional p–d Hybridization Interaction in PtGa Ultrathin Nanowires Boosts Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis journal October 2019
Ionic Highways from Covalent Assembly in Highly Conducting and Stable Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal October 2019
Origin of High Activity and Durability of Twisty Nanowire Alloy Catalysts under Oxygen Reduction and Fuel Cell Operating Conditions journal December 2019
Evolution Pathway from Iron Compounds to Fe 1 (II)–N 4 Sites through Gas-Phase Iron during Pyrolysis journal December 2019
Direct In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Evidence of Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intermediates at High-Index Pt( hkl ) Surfaces journal December 2019
Atomistic Explanation of the Dramatically Improved Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Jagged Platinum Nanowires, 50 Times Better than Pt journal April 2020
Combinatorial Studies of Palladium-Based Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Fuel Cells journal February 2020
Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction from Heat-Treated Iron(III) Tetramethoxyphenylporphyrin Chloride:  Structure and Stability of Active Sites
  • Schulenburg, Hendrik; Stankov, Svetoslav; Schünemann, Volker
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 107, Issue 34, p. 9034-9041 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp030349j
journal August 2003
Spectroscopic Identification of the Reaction Intermediates in Oxygen Reduction on Gold in Alkaline Solutions journal September 2005
Mechanism of Oxygen Electroreduction on Gold Surfaces in Basic Media journal February 2006
Heat-Treated Fe/N/C Catalysts for O2 Electroreduction:  Are Active Sites Hosted in Micropores? journal March 2006
Unveiling N-Protonation and Anion-Binding Effects on Fe/N/C Catalysts for O 2 Reduction in Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells journal July 2011
Influence of Inner- and Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer Mechanisms during Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Media journal August 2011
Activity, Selectivity, and Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance of Virtually Metal-Free Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Electrodes for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal February 2012
Comparative Study of Oxygen Reduction Reaction Mechanisms on the Pd(111) and Pt(111) Surfaces in Acid Medium by DFT journal January 2013
Elucidating Oxygen Reduction Active Sites in Pyrolyzed Metal–Nitrogen Coordinated Non-Precious-Metal Electrocatalyst Systems journal April 2014
Effects of Li + , K + , and Ba 2+ Cations on the ORR at Model and High Surface Area Pt and Au Surfaces in Alkaline Solutions journal October 2011
Synthesis and Characterization of Pd@Pt–Ni Core–Shell Octahedra with High Activity toward Oxygen Reduction journal September 2014
A New Fuel Cell Cathode Catalyst journal March 1964
Direct instrumental identification of catalytically active surface sites journal September 2017
Improving the hydrogen oxidation reaction rate by promotion of hydroxyl adsorption journal February 2013
The role of non-covalent interactions in electrocatalytic fuel-cell reactions on platinum journal August 2009
Enhanced electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction based on patterning of platinum surfaces with cyanide journal August 2010
Nickel supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as hydrogen oxidation reaction catalyst in alkaline electrolyte journal January 2016
Surface engineering of hierarchical platinum-cobalt nanowires for efficient electrocatalysis journal June 2016
Spontaneous incorporation of gold in palladium-based ternary nanoparticles makes durable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction journal June 2016
Iron-based cathode catalyst with enhanced power density in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells journal August 2011
High performance platinum single atom electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction journal July 2017
Correlating hydrogen oxidation and evolution activity on platinum at different pH with measured hydrogen binding energy journal January 2015
Highly active oxygen reduction non-platinum group metal electrocatalyst without direct metal–nitrogen coordination journal June 2015
Surface evolution of a Pt–Pd–Au electrocatalyst for stable oxygen reduction journal July 2017
Interfacial water reorganization as a pH-dependent descriptor of the hydrogen evolution rate on platinum electrodes journal March 2017
Trends in electrocatalysis on extended and nanoscale Pt-bimetallic alloy surfaces journal February 2007
Compositional segregation in shaped Pt alloy nanoparticles and their structural behaviour during electrocatalysis journal June 2013
Activity targets for nanostructured platinum-group-metal-free catalysts in hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells journal December 2016
Dendritic defect-rich palladium–copper–cobalt nanoalloys as robust multifunctional non-platinum electrocatalysts for fuel cells journal September 2018
Interfacing nickel nitride and nickel boosts both electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions journal October 2018
Synergistic Mn-Co catalyst outperforms Pt on high-rate oxygen reduction for alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells journal April 2019
Using operando techniques to understand and design high performance and stable alkaline membrane fuel cells journal July 2020
Bimetallic nickel-molybdenum/tungsten nanoalloys for high-efficiency hydrogen oxidation catalysis in alkaline electrolytes journal September 2020
In situ Raman spectroscopic evidence for oxygen reduction reaction intermediates at platinum single-crystal surfaces journal December 2018
Poly(aryl piperidinium) membranes and ionomers for hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells journal April 2019
Surface distortion as a unifying concept and descriptor in oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysis journal July 2018
Engineering stable electrocatalysts by synergistic stabilization between carbide cores and Pt shells journal December 2019
PdMo bimetallene for oxygen reduction catalysis journal September 2019
Fe–N–C electrocatalyst with dense active sites and efficient mass transport for high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells journal March 2019
Lattice-confined Ru clusters with high CO tolerance and activity for the hydrogen oxidation reaction journal April 2020
Non-precious metal electrocatalysts with high activity for hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline electrolytes journal January 2014
Cheap carbon black-based high-performance electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction journal January 2015
Nickel–silver alloy electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and oxidation in an alkaline electrolyte journal January 2014
Enhancement of ORR catalytic activity by multiple heteroatom-doped carbon materials journal January 2015
New insights into the electrochemical hydrogen oxidation and evolution reaction mechanism journal January 2014
Pt–Ru catalyzed hydrogen oxidation in alkaline media: oxophilic effect or electronic effect? journal January 2015
Segregated Pt on Pd nanotubes for enhanced oxygen reduction activity in alkaline electrolyte journal January 2015
High pressure pyrolyzed non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalysts for alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells journal January 2015
Supersaturation-controlled surface structure evolution of Pd@Pt core–shell nanocrystals: enhancement of the ORR activity at a sub-10 nm scale journal January 2016
A catalyst superior to carbon-supported-platinum for promotion of the oxygen reduction reaction: reduced-polyoxometalate supported palladium journal January 2015
Varying the microphase separation patterns of alkaline polymer electrolytes journal January 2016
Fine-grained and fully ordered intermetallic PtFe catalysts with largely enhanced catalytic activity and durability journal January 2016
High performance aliphatic-heterocyclic benzyl-quaternary ammonium radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes journal January 2016
An optimised synthesis of high performance radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes journal January 2017
Structural dynamics and activity of nanocatalysts inside fuel cells by in operando atomic pair distribution studies journal January 2016
2D quasi-ordered nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon materials from ionic liquid as metal-free electrocatalysts for ORR journal January 2017
Facile synthesis of highly active and durable PdM/C (M = Fe, Mn) nanocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline medium journal January 2016
Improved hydrogen oxidation reaction under alkaline conditions by ruthenium–iridium alloyed nanoparticles journal January 2016
A 3D porous nitrogen-doped carbon-nanofiber-supported palladium composite as an efficient catalytic cathode for lithium–oxygen batteries journal January 2017
Concave octahedral Pd@PdPt electrocatalysts integrating core–shell, alloy and concave structures for high-efficiency oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions journal January 2016
The first anion-exchange membrane fuel cell to exceed 1 W cm −2 at 70 °C with a non-Pt-group (O 2 ) cathode journal January 2017
Impacts of anions on the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics on platinum and palladium surfaces in alkaline solutions journal January 2017
Defects on carbons for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction journal January 2018
Non-fluorinated pre-irradiation-grafted (peroxidated) LDPE-based anion-exchange membranes with high performance and stability journal January 2017
Analysis of the degradation mechanism of the polyarylene ether anion-exchange membrane for alkaline fuel cell and water-splitting cell applications journal January 2017
A novel Ir/CeO2–C nanoparticle electrocatalyst for the hydrogen oxidation reaction of alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2017
A nickel nanocatalyst within a h-BN shell for enhanced hydrogen oxidation reactions journal January 2017
Effects of composition and nanostructuring of palladium selenide phases, Pd4Se, Pd7Se4 and Pd17Se15, on ORR activity and their use in Mg–air batteries journal January 2017
Charting the relationship between phase type-surface area-interactions between the constituent atoms and oxygen reduction activity of Pd–Cu nanocatalysts inside fuel cells by in operando high-energy X-ray diffraction journal January 2017
Ni–Pd core–shell nanoparticles with Pt-like oxygen reduction electrocatalytic performance in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes journal January 2017
Optimizing the ORR activity of Pd based nanocatalysts by tuning their strain and particle size journal January 2017
Platinum–nickel nanowire catalysts with composition-tunable alloying and faceting for the oxygen reduction reaction journal January 2017
Intermetallic Pd 3 Pb nanowire networks boost ethanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions with significantly improved methanol tolerance journal January 2017
Electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on heteroatom-doped nanocarbons and transition metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts for alkaline membrane fuel cells journal January 2018
Platinum group metal-free NiMo hydrogen oxidation catalysts: high performance and durability in alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2017
Intermetallic Pd 3 Pb square nanoplates as highly efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction journal January 2019
Beyond catalysis and membranes: visualizing and solving the challenge of electrode water accumulation and flooding in AEMFCs journal January 2018
Rational design of polyaromatic ionomers for alkaline membrane fuel cells with >1 W cm −2 power density journal January 2018
Highly active atomically dispersed CoN 4 fuel cell cathode catalysts derived from surfactant-assisted MOFs: carbon-shell confinement strategy journal January 2019
Pt-Based electrocatalysts with high atom utilization efficiency: from nanostructures to single atoms journal January 2019
The nature of active centers catalyzing oxygen electro-reduction at platinum surfaces in alkaline media journal January 2019
From a Au-rich core/PtNi-rich shell to a Ni-rich core/PtAu-rich shell: an effective thermochemical pathway to nanoengineering catalysts for fuel cells journal January 2018
Designing highly efficient dual-metal single-atom electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction inspired by biological enzyme systems journal January 2018
A high conductivity ultrathin anion-exchange membrane with 500+ h alkali stability for use in alkaline membrane fuel cells that can achieve 2 W cm −2 at 80 °C journal January 2018
Rhodium metal–rhodium oxide (Rh–Rh 2 O 3 ) nanostructures with Pt-like or better activity towards hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER, HOR) in acid and base: correlating its HOR/HER activity with hydrogen binding energy and oxophilicity of the catalyst journal January 2018
Ultrathin IrRu nanowire networks with high performance and durability for the hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2018
ETFE-based anion-exchange membrane ionomer powders for alkaline membrane fuel cells: a first performance comparison of head-group chemistry journal January 2018
Nanoporous PdCe bimetallic nanocubes with high catalytic activity towards ethanol electro-oxidation and the oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media journal January 2018
Uniform Pd 0.33 Ir 0.67 nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped carbon with remarkable activity toward the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction journal January 2019
Niobium dioxide prepared by a novel La-reduced route as a promising catalyst support for Pd towards the oxygen reduction reaction journal January 2020
Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes: the switch from low- to high-density polyethylene leads to remarkably enhanced fuel cell performance journal January 2019
A highly durable carbon-nanofiber-supported Pt–C core–shell cathode catalyst for ultra-low Pt loading proton exchange membrane fuel cells: facile carbon encapsulation journal January 2019
Weakening hydrogen adsorption on nickel via interstitial nitrogen doping promotes bifunctional hydrogen electrocatalysis in alkaline solution journal January 2019
Ultrafine Pt cluster and RuO 2 heterojunction anode catalysts designed for ultra-low Pt-loading anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2020
Deviations from Vegard's law and evolution of the electrocatalytic activity and stability of Pt-based nanoalloys inside fuel cells by in operando X-ray spectroscopy and total scattering journal January 2019
Intermetallic Pd 3 Pb ultrathin nanoplate-constructed flowers with low-coordinated edge sites boost oxygen reduction performance journal January 2019
Synthesis of octahedral Pt–Ni–Ir yolk–shell nanoparticles and their catalysis in oxygen reduction and methanol oxidization under both acidic and alkaline conditions journal January 2019
Intermetallic Pd 3 Pb nanocubes with high selectivity for the 4-electron oxygen reduction reaction pathway journal January 2020
Tuning the electronic structure of PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles for promoting the hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline media journal January 2019
Hierarchically porous carbons as supports for fuel cell electrocatalysts with atomically dispersed Fe–N x moieties journal January 2019
Enhanced HOR catalytic activity of PGM-free catalysts in alkaline media: the electronic effect induced by different heteroatom doped carbon supports journal January 2019
Facile synthesis of ultrathin Pt–Pd nanosheets for enhanced formic acid oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction journal January 2019
How does a small structural change of anode ionomer make a big difference in alkaline membrane fuel cell performance? journal January 2019
Ternary heterogeneous Pt–Ni–Au nanowires with enhanced activity and stability for PEMFCs journal January 2020
Durability challenges of anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2020
Interlaced Pd–Ag nanowires rich in grain boundary defects for boosting oxygen reduction electrocatalysis journal January 2020
Efficient synthesis of Pt–Co nanowires as cathode catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells journal January 2020
Ultrathin and defect-rich intermetallic Pd 2 Sn nanosheets for efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysis journal January 2020
Interphase-oxidized ruthenium metal with half-filled d-orbitals for hydrogen oxidation in an alkaline solution journal January 2020
Electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction and small alcohol oxidation in alkaline media journal January 2007
Transport effects in the oxygen reduction reaction on nanostructured, planar glassy carbon supported Pt/GC model electrodes journal January 2008
A review on non-precious metal electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cells journal January 2011
The influence of non-covalent interactions on the hydrogen peroxide electrochemistry on platinum in alkaline electrolytes journal January 2012
Hydrogen peroxide electrochemistry on platinum: towards understanding the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism journal January 2012
Metal-free selenium doped carbon nanotube/graphene networks as a synergistically improved cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction journal January 2012
The impact of spectator species on the interaction of H2O2 with platinum – implications for the oxygen reduction reaction pathways journal January 2013
Oxygen reduction reaction on stepped platinum surfaces in alkaline media journal January 2013
Oxygen reduction reaction at Pt single crystals: a critical overview journal January 2014
Theory of multiple proton–electron transfer reactions and its implications for electrocatalysis journal January 2013
Elucidating the activity of stepped Pt single crystals for oxygen reduction journal January 2014
Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells completely free from noble metal catalysts journal December 2008
Highly efficient nonprecious metal catalyst prepared with metal–organic framework in a continuous carbon nanofibrous network journal August 2015
Universal dependence of hydrogen oxidation and evolution reaction activity of platinum-group metals on pH and hydrogen binding energy journal March 2016
Surface-modulated palladium-nickel icosahedra as high-performance non-platinum oxygen reduction electrocatalysts journal July 2018
Critical advancements in achieving high power and stable nonprecious metal catalyst–based MEAs for real-world proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications journal March 2018
Iron-Based Catalysts with Improved Oxygen Reduction Activity in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal April 2009
High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Derived from Polyaniline, Iron, and Cobalt journal April 2011
Enhancing Hydrogen Evolution Activity in Water Splitting by Tailoring Li+-Ni(OH)2-Pt Interfaces journal December 2011
In Situ TEM Observation of a Microcrucible Mechanism of Nanowire Growth journal May 2014
Platinum-based nanocages with subnanometer-thick walls and well-defined, controllable facets journal July 2015
Ultrafine jagged platinum nanowires enable ultrahigh mass activity for the oxygen reduction reaction journal November 2016
Toward sustainable fuel cells journal December 2016
Direct atomic-level insight into the active sites of a high-performance PGM-free ORR catalyst journal August 2017
Ultralow-loading platinum-cobalt fuel cell catalysts derived from imidazolate frameworks journal November 2018
Engineering bunched Pt-Ni alloy nanocages for efficient oxygen reduction in practical fuel cells journal November 2019
Highly Active Pd-CeO2-NR/C (Cerium Oxide Nanorods) Bifunctional Nanocatalysts with Remarkable Stability for the Ethanol Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reactions in Alkaline Media journal July 2019
Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction on Pt(hkl) Electrodes: Implications for the Crystallite Size Effect with Supported Pt Electrocatalysts journal January 1997
Ionomer Degradation in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells journal January 2010
Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reaction Kinetics on Platinum: Acid vs Alkaline Electrolytes journal January 2010
Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal October 2010
A Facile Method to Prepare Ultrafine Pd Nanoparticles Embedded into N-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal January 2020
The Importance of Water Transport in High Conductivity and High-Power Alkaline Fuel Cells journal October 2019
Beyond 1.0 W cm −2 Performance without Platinum: The Beginning of a New Era in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal January 2018
Evaluation of the Nickel Titanate-Modified Pt Nanostructured Catalyst for the ORR in Alkaline Media journal October 2015
High-Performance Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells through Optimization of Relative Humidity, Backpressure and Catalyst Selection journal January 2019
Hydrogen Oxidation on PdIr/C Catalysts in Alkaline Media journal January 2014
Kinetics of the Hydrogen Oxidation/Evolution Reaction on Polycrystalline Platinum in Alkaline Electrolyte Reaction Order with Respect to Hydrogen Pressure journal January 2014
Review—Recent Progress in Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Suitable for Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells journal January 2015
A Comparative Study on Gold and Platinum Dissolution in Acidic and Alkaline Media journal January 2014
Perspective—Towards Establishing Apparent Hydrogen Binding Energy as the Descriptor for Hydrogen Oxidation/Evolution Reactions journal January 2018
Fuel Cell Performance Implications of Membrane Electrode Assembly Fabrication with Platinum-Nickel Nanowire Catalysts journal January 2018
Achieving High Activity and Stability of Carbon Supported Pd-Cu Alloyed Catalysts for Fuel Cell Applications journal January 2019
Bulk-Palladium and Palladium-on-Gold Electrocatalysts for the Oxidation of Hydrogen in Alkaline Electrolyte journal November 2014
Degradation by Hydrogen Peroxide of Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction journal January 2015
Composite Poly(norbornene) Anion Conducting Membranes for Achieving Durability, Water Management and High Power (3.4 W/cm 2 ) in Hydrogen/Oxygen Alkaline Fuel Cells journal January 2019
Strategies for Reducing the PGM Loading in High Power AEMFC Anodes journal January 2018
Fundamental Mechanistic Understanding of Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction on Pt and Non-Pt Surfaces: Acid versus Alkaline Media journal March 2012
Electrocatalytic Performance of Carbon Supported WO3-Containing Pd–W Nanoalloys for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media journal May 2018
High-Performing PGM-Free AEMFC Cathodes from Carbon-Supported Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles journal March 2019
Advances in Active Site Structure of Carbon-Based Non-Precious Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction journal January 2019